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NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · protection forest region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
protection forest region
Jura + PlateauNorthwestern AlpsNortheastern AlpsSouthwestern AlpsSoutheastern AlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
n/aspruce4.045.576.191.2223.791.1304.13
fir2.152.2101.6150.1520.1500.2581.74
pine0.2140.0790.01470.3370.5220.1710.211
larch0.2290.1400.01431.6260.7200.7290.314
stone pine....0.0840.1360.2400.0710.029
other conifers0.1230.0640.0630.0920.055..0.122
beech2.641.2141.4150.1650.2300.3311.94
maple0.4100.3260.3450.1510.0630.05390.39
ash0.690.3230.8300.1920.1670.5340.58
oak0.4120.1420.1460.1390.0780.01430.211
chestnut0.078-0.0100..0.071..0.7330.031
other broadleaves0.4110.2360.5290.5300.3311.4200.49
total11.029.9510.874.3115.875.0119.82
inside perimeterspruce0.61454.5115.5133.7144.6142.8184.06
fir1.5531.5191.3260.3300.1590.2610.714
pine-0.11910.0102-0.01270.2530.290-0.07690.158
larch..0.0920.1891.4210.8250.41460.622
stone pine..0.0...0.3390.3350.0.0.127
other conifers..0.0100..0.0.0.0880.0990.058
beech1.2551.2280.31750.2500.1560.8350.522
maple0.2500.4240.2690.164..0.0730.122
ash0.1870.1400.5440.0900.090-0.11230.134
oak..0.085..0.0100..-0.0990.066
chestnut..............
other broadleaves0.2410.1350.3620.2340.2460.4460.222
total3.6307.978.1116.396.2104.6176.55
outside perimeterspruce1.8165.154.892.6114.771.1153.34
fir2.0122.691.8140.4260.3280.2421.26
pine0.2310.0430.2390.3270.2390.0880.116
larch0.0730.0550.1651.1120.7200.5190.49
stone pine..0.092..0.1400.131..0.024
other conifers0.1720.0680.0410.0.0.0490.01000.050
beech2.9101.4131.7160.2280.1581.4191.37
maple0.6200.3130.4240.1290.1570.1240.310
ash0.9180.2240.6220.1320.1330.2270.311
oak0.1340.0900.0450.1450.013830.1410.123
chestnut......0.0750.01000.6220.121
other broadleaves0.2240.3230.3300.4200.2340.9130.49
total9.0510.049.955.566.555.177.62
totalspruce3.745.245.562.584.351.3113.82
fir2.152.361.690.3200.2230.2321.53
pine0.2130.0440.1400.3200.3190.0610.29
larch0.1280.0310.1511.3110.7120.5190.38
stone pine..0.0920.0840.1230.1220.0720.016
other conifers0.1220.0540.0350.0920.0340.0950.120
beech2.741.391.4120.2240.1251.2171.63
maple0.490.3130.3220.1240.0470.1460.37
ash0.780.2160.7180.1320.1380.2220.46
oak0.3110.0370.0350.1290.0800.1400.210
chestnut0.078-0.0100..0.0550.01000.5180.118
other broadleaves0.4110.2200.4200.4160.3210.9110.46
total10.729.7310.145.356.145.168.71

change, calculated by unit of reference: protection forest region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185433/171909
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · protection forest region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
protection forest region
Jura + PlateauNorthwestern AlpsNortheastern AlpsSouthwestern AlpsSoutheastern AlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
n/aspruce14664482831811322420511253125283
fir778519711841645265055810724
pine80143791147738252227211811
larch5629540114341273920183016014
stone pine....0844378400721329
other conifers5023064064092055..5222
beech9734104157215465113163211714
maple139102527144525216315391829
ash23692324433029356811353208
oak13212542446440278114314711
chestnut278-0100..171..16341831
other broadleaves15611203624301331173234222649
total40682864656191131432081191460442
inside perimeterspruce3147931478178516811736223758
fir757322219287312603627014
pine-11920103-0128453390-0770758
larch..0932903122132761465222
stone pine..0...7405360.1228
other conifers..0100..0.0880100058
beech6592529417545125710374922
maple154726270164..0741222
ash089241646190091-11241035
oak..085..0100..-0100067
chestnut..............
other broadleaves1462364634353475472022
total16361631211516144131091459216076
outside perimeterspruce98174567264101361227281051513324
fir108132291096142326162816434896
pine9322431139172810392885116
larch3733555665813422049191599
stone pine..192..440631..1124
other conifers6731681410.0501100950
beech157111271491171028458139195288
maple332128132325630357102410310
ash481919253023632433202712811
oak7352901453450138310412323
chestnut......175010057225921
other broadleaves1225262418311920143587131769
total48288945540728383727497830683
totalspruce15674103146606253855861671142362
fir893545871991034202323233216313
pine88135441240292138194611769
larch582893175113011941372193718
stone pine..192084142419220723516
other conifers56221541350921341956120
beech11364256916612182417251561817493
maple17396113392292444711462987
ash284844168019832103831224576
oak13911737535729280114017010
chestnut278-0100..255010073197718
other broadleaves170114720472036163421126114606
total45662192131216554158014675697191

change, calculated by unit of reference: protection forest region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185434/171910
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
avalanches SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species %± %± %± %±
Western Juraspruce34.92.015.220.516.74.931.31.9
fir28.31.840.821.728.74.228.51.7
pine1.50.5-4.08.13.11.21.70.5
larch0.10.1.0.00.80.80.20.2
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers0.10.0.0.02.31.90.50.3
beech23.41.734.616.332.14.325.11.6
maple4.10.66.23.97.21.84.70.6
ash2.90.61.71.65.71.43.40.5
oak2.30.6.0.00.50.41.90.5
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves2.50.65.52.22.70.82.60.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Eastern Juraspruce22.53.3.0.016.27.021.93.1
fir6.82.1.0.05.03.76.62.0
pine2.81.0.0.00.51.22.70.9
larch2.21.4.0.0.0.02.01.2
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers3.01.5.0.0.0.02.71.4
beech39.43.7.0.064.18.041.53.5
maple4.51.7.0.05.43.24.51.6
ash7.01.8.0.04.74.06.81.7
oak4.31.7.0.01.51.44.01.6
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves7.52.7.0.02.61.07.12.5
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.
Western Plateauspruce36.83.5.0.031.811.636.43.3
fir13.32.3.0.05.73.212.82.1
pine1.70.7.0.00.70.51.60.6
larch1.70.5.0.0.0.01.60.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers1.50.9.0.0.0.01.40.8
beech22.22.7.0.020.88.322.12.6
maple2.70.6.0.015.78.33.60.9
ash8.71.6.0.014.65.39.11.6
oak6.71.5.0.04.02.96.51.4
chestnut0.40.3.0.0.0.00.30.3
other broadleaves4.41.2.0.06.74.94.61.2
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.
Central Plateauspruce37.42.4.0.022.04.735.72.2
fir25.12.1.0.023.84.525.01.9
pine0.70.3.0.01.00.70.80.3
larch1.10.4.0.00.30.31.00.4
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers1.70.6.0.00.60.41.60.6
beech22.42.0.0.037.55.924.11.9
maple2.50.6.0.03.81.42.60.5
ash4.71.3.0.09.12.75.21.2
oak2.40.6.0.00.80.32.20.5
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves2.00.6.0.01.10.61.90.5
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.
Eastern Plateauspruce39.62.1.0.024.45.238.82.1
fir14.11.5.0.019.46.014.41.5
pine3.00.6.0.00.70.42.80.6
larch2.11.1.0.00.60.62.01.0
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers1.20.5.0.00.10.11.20.5
beech21.71.6.0.018.74.621.51.5
maple3.50.6.0.06.44.43.60.7
ash7.21.0.0.024.67.28.11.0
oak2.90.6.0.03.52.32.90.6
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves4.80.8.0.01.60.84.60.7
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.
Western Pre-Alpsspruce65.56.051.17.863.74.263.23.3
fir17.64.930.36.923.83.522.02.7
pine.0.00.10.1.0.00.00.0
larch.0.0.0.00.20.20.10.1
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers0.00.0.0.0.0.00.00.0
beech8.42.313.14.27.12.58.21.6
maple1.61.02.81.03.30.92.60.6
ash5.01.90.80.51.10.42.60.8
oak0.80.4.0.0-0.30.30.20.2
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves1.10.61.91.21.10.41.20.3
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Central Pre-Alpsspruce51.52.959.59.342.13.147.72.1
fir28.92.614.25.232.83.029.91.9
pine0.40.40.80.80.30.20.40.2
larch0.20.1.0.00.10.10.10.1
stone pine.0.0.0.00.30.30.10.1
other conifers0.00.00.20.20.20.10.10.1
beech13.42.319.98.316.82.615.21.7
maple3.11.04.82.62.40.52.90.6
ash1.90.70.40.32.40.82.00.5
oak0.30.20.10.10.20.10.20.1
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves0.50.20.10.02.40.81.30.4
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce56.23.745.913.046.73.751.42.6
fir17.22.626.39.520.62.919.11.9
pine0.10.2-1.91.80.80.60.30.3
larch-0.00.2.0.00.40.30.20.2
stone pine0.00.0.0.0.0.00.00.0
other conifers0.00.0.0.00.10.10.10.0
beech13.42.19.39.718.82.715.81.7
maple2.51.05.73.43.61.23.20.8
ash6.71.811.77.35.31.46.21.1
oak0.50.2.0.00.20.10.30.1
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves3.31.33.02.23.41.13.40.8
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Northwestern Alpsspruce59.46.259.27.356.85.058.13.5
fir6.62.216.95.511.23.210.52.0
pine0.40.60.00.40.30.20.30.2
larch3.21.50.80.71.00.71.70.6
stone pine.0.00.00.00.10.10.00.0
other conifers0.10.1.0.0.0.00.00.0
beech11.93.312.76.116.53.914.22.5
maple4.02.15.61.74.80.94.70.9
ash2.81.12.91.52.51.12.70.7
oak1.31.10.30.30.60.60.80.5
chestnut-0.10.1.0.0.0.0-0.00.0
other broadleaves10.34.31.60.66.12.26.91.9
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Central Alpsspruce60.37.773.37.544.811.257.55.4
fir12.14.519.17.811.74.613.43.0
pine2.41.90.30.37.13.43.61.5
larch.0.00.50.5.0.00.10.1
stone pine0.40.4.0.0.0.00.20.2
other conifers0.00.0.0.00.20.10.10.1
beech12.14.55.46.312.15.410.73.1
maple0.75.60.60.64.31.61.92.5
ash4.82.50.50.59.75.95.62.4
oak2.21.8.0.01.50.91.50.9
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves5.02.20.40.68.63.65.31.6
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Northeastern Alpsspruce55.715.275.511.560.29.362.17.3
fir6.43.39.94.110.74.09.02.3
pine-1.01.1.0.03.92.91.31.3
larch0.80.72.52.53.12.82.11.4
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other conifers.0.0.0.00.20.20.10.1
beech10.45.7-1.410.211.89.08.34.9
maple4.12.11.12.46.13.04.31.5
ash14.99.85.83.64.31.58.44.0
oak.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves8.84.26.54.7-0.32.54.42.3
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Southwestern Alpsspruce28.15.558.94.748.13.446.82.6
fir3.21.65.01.68.22.06.31.2
pine6.42.43.01.66.01.65.31.1
larch36.46.921.84.120.42.424.12.3
stone pine3.31.24.61.81.30.52.60.6
other conifers0.40.30.00.00.00.00.10.1
beech3.52.22.61.33.71.03.30.8
maple1.40.80.90.62.10.61.60.4
ash1.81.60.50.42.00.71.60.5
oak3.21.30.20.21.00.41.20.4
chestnut0.60.4.0.00.50.40.40.2
other broadleaves11.73.52.50.96.81.36.71.1
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Southeastern Alpsspruce64.13.574.04.973.12.969.72.1
fir1.80.91.40.94.31.22.90.7
pine7.81.72.72.42.61.04.70.9
larch12.22.312.13.111.32.111.81.4
stone pine2.61.04.51.61.60.52.40.5
other conifers0.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.0
beech3.51.11.60.91.20.72.20.5
maple0.30.2.0.00.90.50.50.2
ash1.61.00.30.21.10.41.20.5
oak0.70.5.0.00.00.10.30.2
chestnut.0.0.0.00.00.00.00.0
other broadleaves5.41.63.21.53.71.34.30.9
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
Southern Alpsspruce21.45.560.610.221.22.924.72.6
fir3.92.24.93.03.21.33.41.1
pine1.51.1-0.10.90.50.40.60.4
larch14.94.09.813.09.81.810.71.9
stone pine0.20.10.00.0.0.00.00.0
other conifers.0.00.10.10.10.10.10.1
beech5.51.716.76.728.04.323.13.4
maple0.73.90.40.32.10.51.70.8
ash9.53.2-1.11.44.11.14.61.0
oak0.81.2-0.00.02.00.81.60.6
chestnut13.14.1.0.011.52.410.81.9
other broadleaves28.55.28.74.117.52.318.72.0
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
overallspruce41.81.061.82.643.51.343.60.7
fir17.60.711.61.515.90.916.70.5
pine2.00.21.10.61.70.31.80.2
larch2.60.48.61.85.20.53.80.3
stone pine0.20.11.90.50.40.10.40.1
other conifers0.90.20.00.00.30.10.60.1
beech19.40.78.11.717.21.118.00.6
maple3.00.32.00.43.40.33.10.2
ash5.30.41.60.54.20.44.70.3
oak2.50.30.10.10.70.21.80.2
chestnut0.30.1.0.01.90.40.80.1
other broadleaves4.40.43.20.75.70.54.80.3
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185435/171911
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
avalanches SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
Western Juraspruce2.970.51481.3342.57
fir2.371.5532.2162.37
pine0.136-0.11910.2390.129
larch0.064..0.11000.071
stone pine........
other conifers0.043..0.2820.073
beech1.981.2552.5152.07
maple0.3150.2500.6250.413
ash0.2210.1870.4260.317
oak0.225..0.0650.224
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.2230.2410.2310.219
total8.233.6307.798.03
Eastern Juraspruce2.116..1.4432.015
fir0.632..0.4710.631
pine0.335..0.02420.234
larch0.263....0.263
stone pine........
other conifers0.352....0.352
beech3.610..5.4263.89
maple0.439..0.4550.435
ash0.727..0.4880.626
oak0.442..0.1980.441
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.738..0.2330.737
total9.37..8.3189.27
Western Plateauspruce4.511..2.7474.411
fir1.718..0.5511.518
pine0.241..0.1710.240
larch0.230....0.230
stone pine........
other conifers0.261....0.261
beech2.713..1.8432.613
maple0.324..1.3530.424
ash1.119..1.2451.118
oak0.823..0.3750.823
chestnut0.077....0.077
other broadleaves0.527..0.6690.625
total12.45..8.52012.05
Central Plateauspruce5.27..2.5204.87
fir3.59..2.7203.49
pine0.147..0.1630.141
larch0.237..0.0990.136
stone pine........
other conifers0.238..0.1570.236
beech3.19..4.2193.38
maple0.322..0.4370.420
ash0.727..1.0320.723
oak0.326..0.1370.325
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.329..0.1530.327
total13.94..11.2713.53
Eastern Plateauspruce5.07..3.2244.96
fir1.811..2.5331.811
pine0.420..0.1560.420
larch0.353..0.1980.352
stone pine........
other conifers0.241..0.0980.140
beech2.77..2.4222.77
maple0.418..0.8760.518
ash0.914..3.2341.013
oak0.421..0.5660.420
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.616..0.2480.616
total12.63..13.01312.63
Western Pre-Alpsspruce7.2154.9196.9106.88
fir1.9312.9282.6172.414
pine..0.098..0.0100
larch....0.01000.0100
stone pine........
other conifers0.0100....0.0100
beech0.9261.3330.8370.920
maple0.2630.3360.4290.325
ash0.6370.1610.1350.330
oak0.148..-0.01020.0152
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.1480.2600.1390.127
total11.1119.61210.9710.86
Central Pre-Alpsspruce5.485.4224.585.06
fir3.0111.3353.5113.18
pine0.0940.11050.0540.053
larch0.063..0.01000.053
stone pine....0.01000.0100
other conifers0.01000.0980.0680.059
beech1.4191.8461.8171.612
maple0.3340.4520.3200.321
ash0.2380.0740.3350.225
oak0.0680.0980.0460.042
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.1430.0690.3340.129
total10.569.21310.8510.54
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce6.9114.7315.3106.07
fir2.1162.7432.3152.311
pine0.0281-0.2960.1760.090
larch-0.0421..0.1680.084
stone pine0.0100....0.0100
other conifers0.072..0.0530.043
beech1.7150.91132.1151.911
maple0.3420.6570.4330.425
ash0.8271.2600.6270.719
oak0.147..0.0590.039
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.4390.3700.4330.425
total12.3710.31711.4611.84
Northwestern Alpsspruce4.3153.7144.5104.37
fir0.5331.1360.9300.820
pine0.01390.08080.0640.074
larch0.2450.0920.1710.136
stone pine..0.0.0.01000.0100
other conifers0.0100....0.0100
beech0.9300.8521.3271.119
maple0.3520.4300.4190.319
ash0.2410.2500.2440.226
oak0.1850.0990.1880.158
chestnut-0.0100....-0.0100
other broadleaves0.8450.1410.5370.529
total7.3106.3108.077.45
Central Alpsspruce4.4195.0213.8344.314
fir0.9461.3461.0401.026
pine0.2760.0980.6490.341
larch..0.098..0.0100
stone pine0.099....0.0100
other conifers0.099..0.0690.059
beech0.9400.41191.0460.830
maple0.08400.01100.4320.1134
ash0.4460.0980.8610.441
oak0.283..0.1620.159
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.4430.01620.7420.430
total7.3166.8198.5167.610
Northeastern Alpsspruce5.2326.2194.3185.014
fir0.6480.8370.8370.724
pine-0.199..0.3770.1104
larch0.1820.2990.2940.264
stone pine........
other conifers....0.0900.090
beech1.064-0.17090.8850.764
maple0.4460.12220.4470.335
ash1.4830.5650.3350.754
oak........
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.8630.577-0.07240.457
total9.4278.2197.1158.012
Southwestern Alpsspruce1.2223.7142.6112.58
fir0.1520.3300.4260.320
pine0.3370.2530.3270.320
larch1.6261.4211.1121.311
stone pine0.1360.3390.1400.123
other conifers0.0920.0.0.0.0.092
beech0.1650.2500.2280.224
maple0.1510.1640.1290.124
ash0.1920.0900.1320.132
oak0.1390.01000.1450.129
chestnut0.071..0.0750.055
other broadleaves0.5300.2340.4200.416
total4.3116.395.565.35
Southeastern Alpsspruce3.794.6144.774.35
fir0.1500.1590.3280.223
pine0.5220.2900.2390.319
larch0.7200.8250.7200.712
stone pine0.2400.3350.1310.122
other conifers0.0550.0880.0490.034
beech0.2300.1560.1580.125
maple0.063..0.1570.047
ash0.1670.0900.1330.138
oak0.078..0.013830.080
chestnut....0.01000.0100
other broadleaves0.3310.2460.2340.321
total5.876.2106.556.14
Southern Alpsspruce1.1302.8181.1151.311
fir0.2580.2610.2420.232
pine0.171-0.07690.0880.061
larch0.7290.41460.5190.519
stone pine0.0710.0...0.072
other conifers..0.0990.01000.095
beech0.3310.8351.4191.217
maple0.05390.0730.1240.146
ash0.534-0.11230.2270.222
oak0.0143-0.0990.1410.140
chestnut0.733..0.6220.518
other broadleaves1.4200.4460.9130.911
total5.0114.6175.175.16
overallspruce4.134.063.343.82
fir1.740.8141.261.53
pine0.2110.1580.1160.29
larch0.3140.6220.490.38
stone pine0.0290.1270.0240.016
other conifers0.1220.0580.0500.120
beech1.940.5221.371.63
maple0.3100.1210.3100.37
ash0.580.1340.3110.46
oak0.2110.0670.1230.210
chestnut0.031..0.1210.118
other broadleaves0.490.2220.490.46
total9.826.557.628.71

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185436/171912
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
avalanches SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
Western Juraspruce3407214937353797
fir275875763173457
pine1536-11927392129
larch164..2100371
stone pine........
other conifers143..583673
beech227865971173037
maple401515416265713
ash282108913274117
oak2225..1652324
chestnut........
other broadleaves25231466323119
total973416362201212093
Eastern Juraspruce8916..6489515
fir2733..2752931
pine1135..02431134
larch963....963
stone pine........
other conifers1252....1252
beech15611..233417910
maple1839..2592035
ash2827..2913026
oak1742..11001741
chestnut........
other broadleaves3038..1393137
total3968..36284327
Western Plateauspruce20111..145121511
fir7318..2557518
pine941..074940
larch930....930
stone pine........
other conifers861....861
beech12114..94713013
maple1524..7562124
ash4720..6495418
oak3724..2773823
chestnut278....278
other broadleaves2427..3722725
total5476..44275916
Central Plateauspruce3108..23243337
fir20810..25242339
pine647..164741
larch937..01001036
stone pine........
other conifers1438..1581436
beech18510..39232258
maple2123..4402520
ash3928..10354923
oak2026..1402025
chestnut........
other broadleaves1629..1551827
total8295..105159344
Eastern Plateauspruce5217..18305397
fir18611..143820011
pine3920..0594020
larch2853..01002852
stone pine........
other conifers1641..01001640
beech2858..14292997
maple4618..5785118
ash9514..183911313
oak3821..3694020
chestnut........
other broadleaves6316..1516516
total13184..732213914
Western Pre-Alpsspruce123172428152122999
fir33321434571810414
pine..0100..0100
larch....11001100
stone pine........
other conifers0100....0100
beech162863917383920
maple3641418301225
ash9380643361230
oak149..-11021152
chestnut........
other broadleaves249163339627
total188144623239114736
Central Pre-Alpsspruce272103129191104946
fir15312739149123098
pine2940107254453
larch163..0100153
stone pine....11001100
other conifers01000100168159
beech71191050761815812
maple163435511203021
ash103807611362126
oak1680100146342
chestnut........
other broadleaves34407111341429
total52985223454810354
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce232121341183124288
fir7118851811615911
pine0281-1100377390
larch-0421..268284
stone pine0100....0100
other conifers072..153144
beech55163116741613211
maple114226314342625
ash282836521285219
oak248..159339
chestnut........
other broadleaves143917513332825
total4129293239288335
Northwestern Alpsspruce86173920114122388
fir1034113823314320
pine11400808165175
larch546093271736
stone pine..0.01000100
other conifers0100....0100
beech173185433285819
maple65343310201920
ash4422515441127
oak2860100189359
chestnut-0100....-0100
other broadleaves154614312382829
total144146617200114106
Central Alpsspruce50222728283710515
fir10487497422427
pine2770100552742
larch..0100..0100
stone pine0100....0100
other conifers0100..071060
beech104221218482030
maple184101123354134
ash44801006631042
oak283..164359
chestnut........
other broadleaves44401635451031
total82203726642218311
Northeastern Alpsspruce45353925582114215
fir54954110382124
pine-1100..4773104
larch1831100395564
stone pine........
other conifers....090090
beech865-170911851964
maple34812236481035
ash12843674361954
oak........
chestnut........
other broadleaves765379-07241057
total81305225961822913
Southwestern Alpsspruce32248516136122538
fir45273123263420
pine73845317282921
larch41273122581313011
stone pine4377404401424
other conifers0920.0.092
beech46545110281824
maple252164630924
ash293190632832
oak4400100345729
chestnut171..175255
other broadleaves133143519203616
total113141441328385415
Southeastern Alpsspruce20511811727285586
fir65026016282323
pine252239010393819
larch3920132742209413
stone pine8405366311922
other conifers055088050134
beech11312574581725
maple163..357447
ash5680914331038
oak278..01383280
chestnut....01000100
other broadleaves173234714353421
total32081091437278014
Southern Alpsspruce253136221051516711
fir55836216432332
pine272-0770288461
larch1830614649197219
stone pine0720...072
other conifers..01001100195
beech63210371391915618
maple153907410241146
ash1135-112420273122
oak1143-010010411140
chestnut1634..57227319
other broadleaves3422547871312611
total11914592149786756
overallspruce2530337781338442452
fir106447014489616243
pine1181175852161779
larch16014522215993718
stone pine1329122811243516
other conifers52220589506120
beech117445022529817533
maple182101222104102987
ash32281035128114606
oak14811067232317110
chestnut1831..59217718
other broadleaves2679202217794636
total6050261063076397361

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185437/171913
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: rockfall SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
rockfall SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
Western Juraspruce2.971.1791.2362.57
fir2.370.8592.3152.37
pine0.1360.3630.2570.129
larch0.0640.597..0.071
stone pine........
other conifers0.043..0.2820.073
beech1.981.0942.5142.07
maple0.3150.3690.5240.413
ash0.2210.6950.4250.317
oak0.2250.1830.0850.224
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.2230.21490.2260.219
total8.234.9387.498.03
Eastern Juraspruce2.1166.2.1.2402.015
fir0.634..0.5500.631
pine0.335..0.11050.234
larch0.263..0.0980.263
stone pine........
other conifers0.352....0.352
beech3.7101.5.4.8243.89
maple0.344..1.1560.435
ash0.727..0.4750.626
oak0.442..0.1980.441
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.740..0.4360.737
total9.277.7.8.6159.27
Western Plateauspruce4.511..2.7474.411
fir1.718..0.5511.518
pine0.241..0.1710.240
larch0.230....0.230
stone pine........
other conifers0.261....0.261
beech2.713..1.8432.613
maple0.324..1.3530.424
ash1.119..1.2451.118
oak0.823..0.3750.823
chestnut0.077....0.077
other broadleaves0.527..0.6690.625
total12.45..8.52012.05
Central Plateauspruce5.272.4.2.5214.87
fir3.59..2.7203.49
pine0.147..0.1630.141
larch0.237..0.0990.136
stone pine........
other conifers0.238..0.1570.236
beech3.190.3.4.3193.38
maple0.3221.0.0.4390.420
ash0.7270.9.1.0320.723
oak0.326..0.1370.325
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.3290.1.0.1540.327
total13.944.7.11.4713.53
Eastern Plateauspruce5.07..2.9244.96
fir1.811..2.3341.811
pine0.420..0.1560.420
larch0.128..2.4950.352
stone pine........
other conifers0.143..0.2910.140
beech2.78..2.5202.77
maple0.418..0.8740.518
ash0.914..2.9341.013
oak0.421..0.5600.420
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.616..0.5590.616
total12.43..14.91712.63
Western Pre-Alpsspruce7.2155.5.6.696.88
fir1.931..2.7142.414
pine....0.01000.0100
larch....0.01000.0100
stone pine........
other conifers0.0100....0.0100
beech0.926..0.9290.920
maple0.2630.4.0.3250.325
ash0.637..0.1320.330
oak0.148..-0.01020.0152
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.148..0.1330.127
total11.1115.9.10.7710.86
Central Pre-Alpsspruce5.483.2824.785.06
fir3.0111.3543.3113.18
pine0.094-0.0870.0470.053
larch0.063..0.01000.053
stone pine....0.01000.0100
other conifers0.0100..0.0620.059
beech1.4193.0551.8161.612
maple0.334..0.3190.321
ash0.2380.2870.2350.225
oak0.068..0.0440.042
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.1430.4870.2350.129
total10.568.13510.6510.54
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce6.911..5.396.07
fir2.1160.3822.4142.311
pine0.0281..0.1940.090
larch-0.0421..0.0680.084
stone pine0.0100....0.0100
other conifers0.072..0.0530.043
beech1.7155.2492.0151.911
maple0.3420.2480.4310.425
ash0.8270.9590.6250.719
oak0.1470.3820.0730.039
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.4395.8820.3260.425
total12.3712.72311.3511.84
Northwestern Alpsspruce4.3153.1354.484.37
fir0.5330.3601.0240.820
pine0.01390.1720.01380.074
larch0.245-0.13110.1510.136
stone pine..0.0970.0.0.0100
other conifers0.0100....0.0100
beech0.9303.8550.9231.119
maple0.3520.1810.4160.319
ash0.2410.6960.2270.226
oak0.1850.0970.0770.158
chestnut-0.0100....-0.0100
other broadleaves0.8450.07570.4340.529
total7.3108.1267.467.45
Central Alpsspruce4.4195.4313.9264.314
fir0.9460.6981.3311.026
pine0.2760.5750.3650.341
larch....0.0990.0100
stone pine0.099....0.0100
other conifers0.0990.0970.0990.059
beech0.9400.2551.0460.830
maple0.08400.1970.3340.1134
ash0.4460.09440.7600.441
oak0.283..0.1630.159
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.4430.6750.4500.430
total7.3167.5267.9147.610
Northeastern Alpsspruce5.2325.0344.9145.014
fir0.6480.2750.9280.724
pine-0.199..0.2770.1104
larch0.1821.2710.02950.264
stone pine........
other conifers....0.0900.090
beech1.0640.53860.51010.764
maple0.4460.6740.3600.335
ash1.4830.6380.3430.754
oak........
chestnut........
other broadleaves0.8630.2810.11460.457
total9.4278.2357.3128.012
Southwestern Alpsspruce1.2221.4373.192.58
fir0.1520.5600.4220.320
pine0.3370.4500.3270.320
larch1.6261.0431.2111.311
stone pine0.1360.1770.1300.123
other conifers0.092..0.0.0.092
beech0.1650.2540.2260.224
maple0.1510.0900.1270.124
ash0.1920.11030.1320.132
oak0.1390.0760.0440.129
chestnut0.071-0.03280.0720.055
other broadleaves0.5300.4510.3190.416
total4.3114.1205.955.35
Southeastern Alpsspruce3.792.4464.864.35
fir0.1500.3810.2270.223
pine0.522-0.16030.2330.319
larch0.720-0.51080.8150.712
stone pine0.2400.2590.1240.122
other conifers0.055..0.0430.034
beech0.230-0.12100.1420.125
maple0.063..0.0570.047
ash0.167..0.1310.138
oak0.078..0.013830.080
chestnut....0.01000.0100
other broadleaves0.331..0.2290.321
total5.872.2666.656.14
Southern Alpsspruce1.1301.2321.3131.311
fir0.2580.1990.2390.232
pine0.1710.2990.02560.061
larch0.7290.6440.5250.519
stone pine0.0710.0...0.072
other conifers....0.0950.095
beech0.3310.31141.5181.217
maple0.05390.2440.1270.146
ash0.5340.21240.2270.222
oak0.0143-0.1710.1370.140
chestnut0.7330.5610.5230.518
other broadleaves1.4201.5250.8140.911
total5.0114.6155.175.16
overallspruce4.132.3153.533.82
fir1.740.4291.261.53
pine0.2110.2420.1170.29
larch0.2110.5330.4110.38
stone pine0.0290.0460.0190.016
other conifers0.1230.01000.0450.120
beech1.940.8391.271.63
maple0.3100.2330.290.37
ash0.580.3440.3100.46
oak0.211-0.02400.1220.210
chestnut0.0310.1620.1230.118
other broadleaves0.490.7230.490.46
total9.825.5107.628.71

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185438/171914
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: rockfall SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
rockfall SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
Western Juraspruce340748335373797
fir275836467173457
pine15361675582129
larch1642100..371
stone pine........
other conifers143..583673
beech227849773163037
maple401517316255713
ash282129811264117
oak22250861852324
chestnut........
other broadleaves252311516273119
total973418442191212093
Eastern Juraspruce871611006459515
fir2634..3542931
pine1136..11071134
larch963..0100963
stone pine........
other conifers1252....1252
beech153110100263117910
maple1444..6592035
ash2727..2773026
oak1742..11001741
chestnut........
other broadleaves2940..2413137
total3848210047244327
Western Plateauspruce20111..145121511
fir7318..2557518
pine941..074940
larch930....930
stone pine........
other conifers861....861
beech12114..94713013
maple1524..7562124
ash4720..6495418
oak3724..2773823
chestnut278....278
other broadleaves2427..3722725
total5476..44275916
Central Plateauspruce3108010023253337
fir20810..25242339
pine647..164741
larch937..01001036
stone pine........
other conifers1438..1581436
beech18510010039232258
maple212301004412520
ash392801009354923
oak2026..1402025
chestnut........
other broadleaves162901001561827
total82951100104159344
Eastern Plateauspruce5217..18305397
fir18611..143820011
pine3920..0594020
larch1428..15972852
stone pine........
other conifers1543..1921640
beech2848..15272997
maple4619..5765118
ash9514..183811313
oak3721..3624020
chestnut........
other broadleaves6117..3616516
total12984..922513914
Western Pre-Alpsspruce123171100175112999
fir3332..711610414
pine....01000100
larch....11001100
stone pine........
other conifers0100....0100
beech1628..23293920
maple36401009261225
ash938..3331230
oak149..-11021152
chestnut........
other broadleaves249..333627
total18814110028494736
Central Pre-Alpsspruce2721039622094946
fir15312174155123098
pine294-0100248453
larch163..0100153
stone pine....11001100
other conifers0100..162159
beech7119274841715812
maple1634..13193021
ash1038010011352126
oak168..145342
chestnut........
other broadleaves344010011351429
total5298761500710354
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce23212..196114288
fir71180100881515911
pine0281..395390
larch-0421..268284
stone pine0100....0100
other conifers072..153144
beech5516376731613211
maple114207516312625
ash282818323265219
oak2480100073339
chestnut........
other broadleaves1439410011272825
total412986241388335
Northwestern Alpsspruce86171043142102388
fir103416532254320
pine11400760138175
larch546-0312351736
stone pine..01000.0100
other conifers0100....0100
beech1731136029245819
maple65308513171920
ash4422995281127
oak2860100177359
chestnut-0100....-0100
other broadleaves1546075713352829
total14414273623994106
Central Alpsspruce50221839372910515
fir1048210112332427
pine277279366742
larch....01000100
stone pine0100....0100
other conifers010001000100060
beech10421609482030
maple184101003364134
ash44809456611042
oak283..164359
chestnut........
other broadleaves4442793521031
total82202536751918311
Northeastern Alpsspruce45351641811714215
fir54917815292124
pine-1100..4773104
larch1834750295564
stone pine........
other conifers....090090
beech865238691021964
maple3482774611035
ash12842445441954
oak........
chestnut........
other broadleaves76518521461057
total813027421211522913
Southwestern Alpsspruce3224104021292538
fir45236227233420
pine73835219272921
larch4127746821113011
stone pine43717810311424
other conifers092..0.092
beech46515713261824
maple252091727924
ash2930105632832
oak440078344729
chestnut171-0328172255
other broadleaves133135320193616
total11314282540075415
Southeastern Alpsspruce2051175334675586
fir65018517272323
pine2522-060313333819
larch3920-111157169413
stone pine84016410241922
other conifers055..143134
beech1131-02116421725
maple163..357447
ash568..5311038
oak278..01383280
chestnut....01000100
other broadleaves1732..17293421
total320877147468014
Southern Alpsspruce253112351301316711
fir558110018392332
pine27221000256461
larch183064648257219
stone pine0720...072
other conifers....195195
beech63231151471815618
maple15392469271146
ash1135212517273122
oak1143-17311371140
chestnut163456252237319
other broadleaves34221528771412611
total11914462050986756
overallspruce2528383161634442452
fir106341329547616243
pine1181184351171779
larch145121833208113718
stone pine132914721193516
other conifers5123010010456120
beech116942840556717533
maple17810634115102987
ash32281045129114606
oak14811-0240242217110
chestnut183156354237718
other broadleaves2649252417494636
total60182195123522397361

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185439/171915
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
n/aspruce31.51.838.31.555.52.256.23.021.45.541.81.0
fir22.41.517.51.122.71.84.50.93.92.217.70.7
pine1.90.52.00.30.20.24.70.91.51.11.90.2
larch0.70.41.70.60.10.111.71.814.94.02.60.4
stone pine.0.0.0.00.00.01.70.50.20.10.20.1
other conifers0.90.41.40.40.00.00.10.1.0.00.90.2
beech27.81.622.01.112.61.46.71.25.51.719.40.7
maple4.20.63.00.42.70.61.60.80.73.93.00.3
ash4.00.76.70.74.10.83.71.59.53.25.30.4
oak2.80.63.50.50.40.11.30.40.81.22.40.3
chestnut.0.00.10.1.0.00.10.113.14.10.30.1
other broadleaves3.90.93.80.51.60.57.61.328.55.24.40.4
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce15.520.3.0.053.45.766.43.060.610.261.72.6
fir40.621.6.0.022.74.27.71.44.93.011.41.5
pine-4.08.1.0.0-0.10.61.80.9-0.10.91.10.6
larch.0.0.0.0.0.011.71.99.813.08.71.8
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.02.90.80.00.01.90.5
other conifers.0.0.0.00.10.10.00.00.10.10.00.0
beech34.516.3.0.015.04.43.61.816.76.78.11.7
maple6.23.8.0.04.31.41.40.50.40.32.00.4
ash1.71.6.0.03.21.81.50.6-1.11.41.60.5
oak.0.0.0.00.00.00.10.1-0.00.00.10.1
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves5.52.2.0.01.40.72.90.88.74.13.20.7
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
outside perimeterspruce16.64.424.63.748.42.159.92.121.22.943.41.3
fir25.63.719.03.126.41.97.81.03.21.316.00.9
pine2.81.10.80.40.40.23.60.70.50.41.70.3
larch0.70.70.30.20.20.110.51.19.81.85.20.5
stone pine.0.0.0.00.10.11.00.2.0.00.40.1
other conifers2.01.60.30.20.10.10.10.00.10.10.30.1
beech36.34.228.33.915.51.66.41.328.04.317.21.1
maple7.01.66.82.23.00.52.70.42.10.53.40.3
ash5.61.415.13.03.20.62.50.54.11.14.20.4
oak0.70.42.31.00.10.10.50.22.00.80.70.2
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.20.111.52.41.90.4
other broadleaves2.70.72.31.02.50.64.90.817.52.35.70.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce29.01.637.31.452.11.559.91.524.72.643.50.7
fir23.11.417.61.124.41.26.70.63.41.116.80.5
pine2.00.41.90.30.30.13.60.50.60.41.80.2
larch0.70.31.60.50.10.111.10.910.71.93.80.3
stone pine.0.0.0.00.10.01.60.30.00.00.40.1
other conifers1.00.41.30.30.10.00.10.00.10.10.60.1
beech29.21.522.51.114.11.06.00.823.13.418.00.6
maple4.70.63.30.42.90.42.10.31.70.83.10.2
ash4.20.67.30.73.60.52.70.64.61.04.70.3
oak2.40.53.40.40.30.10.70.21.60.61.70.2
chestnut.0.00.10.0.0.00.10.110.81.90.80.1
other broadleaves3.70.73.70.42.00.45.50.618.72.04.70.3
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185440/171916
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
n/aspruce2.765.056.263.471.1304.13
fir1.972.372.590.3210.2581.74
pine0.2260.3170.0890.3190.1710.211
larch0.1570.2330.01200.7160.7290.314
stone pine....0.01000.1290.0710.028
other conifers0.1490.2250.0570.047..0.122
beech2.462.851.4110.4190.3311.94
maple0.4160.4130.3250.1460.05390.39
ash0.3170.9110.5200.2420.5340.58
oak0.2230.4140.0310.1320.01430.211
chestnut..0.078..0.0840.7330.031
other broadleaves0.3230.5130.2300.5191.4200.49
total8.5312.9211.246.155.0119.82
inside perimeterspruce0.6144..5.1144.372.8184.06
fir1.553..2.2200.5190.2610.714
pine-0.1191..-0.07280.147-0.07690.158
larch......0.8160.41460.622
stone pine......0.2270.0.0.127
other conifers....0.0990.0880.0990.058
beech1.255..1.4320.2510.8350.522
maple0.250..0.4310.1350.0730.122
ash0.187..0.3550.139-0.11230.135
oak....0.0990.071-0.0990.067
chestnut............
other broadleaves0.241..0.1470.2290.4460.222
total3.630..9.586.554.6176.55
outside perimeterspruce1.3302.7165.353.951.1153.34
fir2.0162.1172.980.5140.2421.26
pine0.2380.1410.0550.2200.0880.116
larch0.11000.0720.0520.7110.5190.49
stone pine....0.01000.124..0.024
other conifers0.2820.0530.0470.0400.01000.050
beech2.8133.1151.7110.4221.4191.37
maple0.5230.8340.3170.2160.1240.310
ash0.4251.7230.3200.2200.2270.311
oak0.1540.3420.01000.0370.1410.123
chestnut......0.0700.6220.121
other broadleaves0.2280.3420.3220.3160.9130.49
total7.8811.0711.036.535.177.62
totalspruce2.464.845.743.841.3113.82
fir1.972.262.760.4100.2321.53
pine0.2230.2160.0490.2130.0610.29
larch0.1500.2330.0480.780.5190.38
stone pine....0.0950.1160.0720.016
other conifers0.1420.2250.0390.0300.0950.120
beech2.462.951.580.4141.2171.63
maple0.4130.4120.3140.1160.1460.37
ash0.3140.9100.4140.2220.2220.46
oak0.2220.4130.0310.0240.1400.210
chestnut..0.078..0.0550.5180.118
other broadleaves0.3200.5120.2170.3120.9110.46
total8.2312.8211.036.335.168.71

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185441/171917
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
outside of perimeterspruce31.61.838.61.555.52.256.23.021.45.542.01.0
fir22.51.517.61.122.71.84.50.93.92.217.80.7
pine1.90.52.00.30.20.24.70.91.51.12.00.2
larch0.70.41.20.20.10.111.71.814.94.02.40.3
stone pine.0.0.0.00.00.01.70.50.20.10.20.1
other conifers0.90.41.40.40.00.00.10.1.0.00.80.2
beech27.81.622.11.112.61.46.71.25.51.719.40.7
maple4.00.63.00.42.70.61.60.80.73.93.00.3
ash4.00.76.70.74.10.83.71.59.53.25.30.4
oak2.80.63.50.50.40.11.30.40.81.22.40.3
chestnut.0.00.10.1.0.00.10.113.14.10.30.1
other broadleaves3.80.93.80.51.60.57.61.328.55.24.30.4
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce16.54.222.73.748.92.061.81.725.42.946.01.2
fir25.83.617.53.126.01.77.80.93.31.215.10.8
pine2.41.10.80.30.40.23.10.60.40.41.60.2
larch0.70.66.25.50.20.110.91.09.82.16.10.6
stone pine.0.0.0.00.10.11.50.30.00.00.60.1
other conifers1.81.50.70.40.10.10.10.00.10.10.30.1
beech35.84.026.73.915.41.55.61.126.83.915.71.0
maple8.01.86.32.13.20.52.30.31.90.53.20.3
ash5.31.314.03.03.20.62.20.43.61.03.70.4
oak0.60.32.20.90.10.10.40.11.80.70.60.1
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.10.110.32.11.60.3
other broadleaves3.10.72.91.22.40.54.40.616.62.15.40.4
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce29.01.637.31.452.11.559.91.524.72.643.50.7
fir23.11.417.61.124.41.26.70.63.41.116.80.5
pine2.00.41.90.30.30.13.60.50.60.41.80.2
larch0.70.31.60.50.10.111.10.910.71.93.80.3
stone pine.0.0.0.00.10.01.60.30.00.00.40.1
other conifers1.00.41.30.30.10.00.10.00.10.10.60.1
beech29.21.522.51.114.11.06.00.823.13.418.00.6
maple4.70.63.30.42.90.42.10.31.70.83.10.2
ash4.20.67.30.73.60.52.70.64.61.04.70.3
oak2.40.53.40.40.30.10.70.21.60.61.70.2
chestnut.0.00.10.0.0.00.10.110.81.90.80.1
other broadleaves3.70.73.70.42.00.45.50.618.72.04.70.3
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185445/171921
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI2/NFI3
grid: 1.4 x 1.4 km grid
change 1993/95–2004/06
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
outside of perimeterspruce2.765.056.263.471.1304.13
fir1.972.372.590.3210.2581.74
pine0.2260.3170.0890.3190.1710.211
larch0.1580.2180.01200.7160.7290.211
stone pine....0.01000.1290.0710.028
other conifers0.1490.2260.0570.047..0.122
beech2.462.851.4110.4190.3311.94
maple0.3160.4130.3250.1460.05390.39
ash0.3170.9110.5200.2420.5340.58
oak0.2230.4140.0310.1320.01430.211
chestnut..0.078..0.0840.7330.031
other broadleaves0.3230.5130.2300.5191.4200.49
total8.5312.9211.246.155.0119.82
inside perimeterspruce1.2292.6165.354.041.3123.43
fir1.9152.0172.870.5110.2371.16
pine0.2450.1410.0580.2180.0930.116
larch0.0950.7940.0520.790.5230.510
stone pine....0.01000.1190.0.0.018
other conifers0.1820.1580.0440.0360.0950.045
beech2.6133.1141.7100.4201.4181.27
maple0.6220.7340.3150.1150.1240.29
ash0.4251.6220.3190.1180.2280.310
oak0.0540.3400.0960.0340.1410.022
chestnut......0.0700.5220.121
other broadleaves0.2230.3390.3210.3140.8120.48
total7.4811.6810.836.535.177.42
totalspruce2.464.845.743.841.3113.82
fir1.972.262.760.4100.2321.53
pine0.2230.2160.0490.2130.0610.29
larch0.1500.2330.0480.780.5190.38
stone pine....0.0950.1160.0720.016
other conifers0.1420.2250.0390.0300.0950.120
beech2.462.951.580.4141.2171.63
maple0.4130.4120.3140.1160.1460.37
ash0.3140.9100.4140.2220.2220.46
oak0.2220.4130.0310.0240.1400.210
chestnut..0.078..0.0550.5180.118
other broadleaves0.3200.5120.2170.3120.9110.46
total8.2312.8211.036.335.168.71

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185446/171922
NFI2–NFI3
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1/NFI2/NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 1993/95–2004/06
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
outside of perimeterspruce27.62.234.91.826.72.218.11.95.31.726.11.0
fir18.01.717.01.410.11.21.30.41.00.711.10.6
pine1.40.61.90.40.00.11.50.40.10.11.20.2
larch0.90.61.00.30.00.14.71.02.91.21.70.3
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.50.30.00.00.10.1
other conifers0.90.61.50.50.00.00.10.0.0.00.60.2
beech24.11.919.41.26.41.02.80.71.10.412.30.6
maple3.60.62.60.41.50.50.60.20.10.01.90.2
ash2.80.67.30.92.30.61.50.91.10.83.70.4
oak2.00.63.50.60.10.10.20.10.30.21.50.2
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.0-0.00.02.51.30.20.1
other broadleaves2.10.63.30.61.00.42.80.83.41.22.50.3
total83.52.292.51.248.32.834.12.617.83.362.91.1
inside perimeterspruce2.51.31.50.425.71.938.42.221.73.316.70.8
fir4.61.01.40.412.51.35.30.72.50.95.50.4
pine0.30.30.10.00.10.12.70.50.10.20.70.1
larch.0.00.00.00.00.06.70.910.22.12.10.2
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.01.00.3.0.00.20.1
other conifers0.00.00.00.00.10.00.00.00.20.20.10.0
beech6.61.12.20.58.21.14.61.017.82.95.90.5
maple1.00.30.50.21.70.41.70.31.40.51.20.2
ash0.80.31.30.41.80.51.60.42.01.01.50.2
oak0.20.10.30.10.00.10.20.11.10.80.20.1
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.10.19.82.80.70.2
other broadleaves0.40.10.10.01.50.43.40.615.42.62.20.3
total16.52.27.51.251.72.865.92.682.23.337.11.1
totalspruce30.12.436.41.752.42.056.52.227.03.442.91.0
fir22.61.918.41.422.61.66.60.83.51.216.60.7
pine1.80.62.00.40.10.24.20.70.20.21.90.2
larch0.90.61.00.30.10.111.51.313.12.43.80.3
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.01.60.40.00.00.30.1
other conifers1.00.61.50.50.10.00.10.00.20.20.70.2
beech30.72.121.61.314.71.47.41.218.92.918.20.7
maple4.70.63.20.53.20.62.30.41.40.53.10.3
ash3.60.78.61.04.10.73.21.03.21.35.20.4
oak2.20.63.70.60.10.10.40.11.40.81.80.2
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.00.112.33.00.80.2
other broadleaves2.60.63.50.62.60.66.21.018.82.74.70.4
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185453/171929
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: landslide/mudflow SilvaProtect · main tree species · economic region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
landslide/mudflow SilvaProtect
n/ainside perimeteroutside perimetertotal
economic regionmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
Western Juraspruce40210383420354609
fir287127226254938510
pine167927811221968
larch160....160
stone pine........
other conifers1621..-1121-1636
beech261145525563137311
maple148165412593242
ash59242963676522
oak2834171-13812835
chestnut........
other broadleaves34332653563929
total11037178171192614005
Eastern Juraspruce9228952010010226
fir3830110001003929
pine4294010901005277
larch-2167....-2167
stone pine........
other conifers1474....1474
beech10237184446112431
maple2839197-31302743
ash45272871804826
oak1953..11002051
chestnut........
other broadleaves2332172-41062044
total364153336-0723239614
Western Plateauspruce223170100156523816
fir72277878718824
pine1260..-01001260
larch1450....1450
stone pine........
other conifers1269....1269
beech12224-1143116813222
maple5980.177684
ash4452..19526339
oak10125..-5835276
chestnut0100....0100
other broadleaves7637..2897836
total59012680514564811
Central Plateauspruce3481225976735712
fir24014757225226913
pine1843..0831842
larch4630100..459
stone pine........
other conifers2038171..2037
beech189141069233622312
maple1272-4760888110
ash35431747584436
oak1632-1124..1634
chestnut........
other broadleaves5755187-12075756
total93771745603110157
Eastern Plateauspruce4651076574247810
fir1821837865619117
pine1466..1971464
larch1059..11001055
stone pine........
other conifers1952..0841951
beech29511352143931211
maple7428-178-6816733
ash9824-6824549625
oak5331..-31405133
chestnut0100....0100
other broadleaves612701002706326
total127365145264713046
Western Pre-Alpsspruce993624492552037815
fir2759-056062488838
pine........
larch..1100..1100
stone pine........
other conifers0.....0.
beech7188256728415939
maple123715313612734
ash0592996612901096
oak284073..270
chestnut........
other broadleaves8534626591833
total1553065423651758413
Central Pre-Alpsspruce237146781861643010
fir1532113811262229214
pine1266188-11071267
larch185....185
stone pine........
other conifers01000100071150
beech70301044822216317
maple304307461013739
ash1364110015392835
oak387..0126378
chestnut........
other broadleaves650-01009731449
total526113250423129817
Eastern Pre-Alpsspruce1972062461452240414
fir64321449772415517
pine-0765010001001176
larch1801891105355
stone pine........
other conifers0100..-2144-2156
beech49281982464711326
maple1440-273423313646
ash349575218432866
oak1720100-110001243
chestnut........
other broadleaves3155-3126-3214-2505
total33216101393041673610
Northwestern Alpsspruce8035181111622226018
fir3224145024614142
pine2700.097363
larch19784100-14244234
stone pine..-4100..-4100
other conifers0100..295279
beech612423603108432126
maple966-28931921183
ash-332445418731891
oak1882144..2107
chestnut1100....1100
other broadleaves97137418462936
total1082962412302440016
Central Alpsspruce50244644256312122
fir1353106625354826
pine-12211790100-01344
larch....01000100
stone pine........
other conifers0.0.01000100
beech2182115516444840
maple74839511841144
ash44969432381371
oak-012701000740237
chestnut........
other broadleaves7482896651536
total100267932772925615
Northeastern Alpsspruce63311839673414819
fir87486319443532
pine4100..0100498
larch378-2100469577
stone pine........
other conifers0.0100-01000801
beech1442115527315222
maple12944664171989
ash4173268-31683277
oak2100..0100296
chestnut........
other broadleaves3561589631345
total1042841351272427114
Southwestern Alpsspruce443765511712228018
fir3581210331394638
pine15471984131044747
larch44362243902715619
stone pine859-02305861249
other conifers-0100..01000129
beech-2156395913525048
maple457664-1592987
ash2531107027803863
oak35704381-0272391
chestnut2100478-0100665
other broadleaves153394822394623
total13820186263691769311
Southeastern Alpsspruce1672465453341556612
fir2551-210022344533
pine10116-872-595-3501
larch3562-0304244337834
stone pine2929-0382622073131
other conifers239..061237
beech-328867314601779
maple55477922331353
ash548-61441273021775
oak1100..2100380
chestnut....-0100-0100
other broadleaves2052124118594931
total2961874464331380310
Southern Alpsspruce463672311932331117
fir77577236375030
pine072598072684
larch176578262388531
stone pine0100....0100
other conifers....21002100
beech1041-53211133811838
maple272179772954
ash263126827464037
oak25895314532635
chestnut19693158903813929
other broadleaves37403235444311223
total14121170235871389910
overallspruce25145435161586745344
fir11237165184841117725
pine1062721851013713726
larch1262534402001936114
stone pine3726-4997874030
other conifers682715912657027
beech11417224194511518166
maple218152178623230114
ash3111544401412449612
oak141181247812216117
chestnut22603552893814628
other broadleaves3581463221312155211
total6166310501031715103862

change, calculated by unit of reference: economic region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185457/171933
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
n/aspruce33.92.837.02.152.64.154.25.032.39.940.81.5
fir22.42.318.21.724.13.47.12.25.03.718.61.2
pine1.31.21.60.51.20.84.01.90.30.21.70.5
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.111.13.511.77.12.00.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.05.01.30.30.30.60.2
other conifers0.90.71.80.50.00.00.30.1.0.01.10.3
beech24.62.921.61.712.52.64.92.86.82.918.51.2
maple2.81.03.20.85.61.43.51.21.41.03.50.5
ash7.11.26.11.21.61.91.52.01.30.95.00.7
oak3.20.92.80.70.50.30.80.41.50.82.30.4
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.40.313.58.20.40.2
other broadleaves3.80.96.51.41.70.77.31.826.08.55.60.8
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce44.723.0.0.063.811.357.96.571.410.360.15.1
fir37.320.9.0.015.77.011.73.17.23.812.72.8
pine-2.82.7.0.01.81.3-1.62.64.44.2-0.31.8
larch.0.0.0.0.0.011.13.213.06.49.42.4
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.40.8.0.00.20.6
other conifers.0.0.0.00.20.20.00.0.0.00.00.0
beech30.621.0.0.011.49.916.55.40.11.614.04.0
maple-12.119.7.0.02.63.51.10.80.30.30.50.9
ash1.31.4.0.02.81.51.10.50.40.41.20.4
oak.0.0.0.0-0.10.1.0.00.00.0-0.00.0
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves0.90.9.0.01.91.92.00.73.11.82.10.6
total100.0..0.0100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
outside perimeterspruce17.54.321.35.251.64.057.64.428.85.745.02.4
fir30.05.033.07.623.33.28.82.05.42.116.11.6
pine1.30.60.50.3-0.10.12.61.60.10.11.00.5
larch.0.00.70.50.30.29.12.28.43.44.81.0
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.10.5.0.00.00.2
other conifers-0.50.60.60.3-0.10.20.20.10.20.20.10.1
beech41.95.237.87.116.72.76.83.116.86.116.51.9
maple7.22.3-6.44.13.41.51.81.11.10.82.30.7
ash2.01.114.65.64.01.04.82.45.92.35.01.0
oak0.20.9-4.43.2-0.00.10.40.33.61.40.60.3
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.30.318.65.33.61.1
other broadleaves0.41.62.32.01.00.87.51.611.13.35.10.9
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce31.42.436.22.052.62.856.63.034.64.943.61.3
fir23.92.119.11.723.32.38.91.35.51.717.30.9
pine1.21.01.50.50.60.42.11.10.60.51.30.3
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.110.11.79.52.83.50.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.01.70.50.00.00.40.1
other conifers0.70.61.80.5-0.00.10.20.10.20.20.70.2
beech27.52.522.61.614.61.98.22.113.14.617.51.0
maple3.21.02.70.84.31.02.20.71.00.62.90.4
ash6.21.06.61.12.91.03.01.34.51.64.70.6
oak2.60.82.40.70.20.10.40.22.91.01.50.3
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.30.215.54.11.40.4
other broadleaves3.20.86.31.41.30.56.31.012.42.85.20.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185458/171934
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
n/aspruce3.194.975.2112.9131.5353.95
fir2.0112.4102.4160.4320.2741.87
pine0.1980.2320.1680.2480.0710.227
larch-0.02450.1330.0600.6340.5640.225
stone pine......0.3260.01000.126
other conifers0.1770.2290.0710.037..0.127
beech2.2142.981.2220.3610.3401.87
maple0.3370.4260.6260.2330.1710.315
ash0.6180.8200.21190.11380.1630.515
oak0.3290.4250.1530.0500.1570.218
chestnut..0.088..0.0840.6690.060
other broadleaves0.3230.9230.2430.4251.2380.514
total9.0613.3410.085.394.6199.53
inside perimeterspruce3.239..4.8254.5185.8284.613
fir2.794..1.2510.9260.6541.023
pine-0.267..0.168-0.11520.497-0.0551
larch......0.9281.1490.725
stone pine......0.0243..0.0243
other conifers....0.0990.0100..0.0100
beech2.275..0.9981.3360.011461.132
maple-0.9108..0.21390.1740.0990.0174
ash0.196..0.2540.1400.0990.130
oak....-0.099..0.0.-0.0100
chestnut............
other broadleaves0.185..0.1970.2350.3620.229
total7.162..7.5237.7138.1227.710
outside perimeterspruce1.6252.0276.1114.1111.8233.77
fir2.7203.2262.7160.6230.3381.310
pine0.1430.069-0.01970.2620.0720.154
larch..0.1750.0580.7260.5420.422
stone pine......0.0426..0.0426
other conifers-0.01210.153-0.01830.0750.01000.0196
beech3.7153.6192.0180.5481.1411.413
maple0.633-0.6570.4450.1630.1690.232
ash0.2541.4430.5250.3530.4390.421
oak0.0520-0.467-0.014620.0840.2380.054
chestnut......0.0891.2320.331
other broadleaves0.04040.2840.1870.5200.7300.417
total8.999.61511.877.186.4128.35
totalspruce2.894.775.673.782.1173.94
fir2.1102.592.5110.6150.3301.65
pine0.1850.2310.1640.1520.0840.127
larch-0.02450.1320.0430.7170.6310.314
stone pine......0.1300.01000.030
other conifers0.1860.228-0.02730.0410.01000.127
beech2.5112.981.6140.5270.8381.66
maple0.3300.3300.5240.1310.1540.314
ash0.6170.9180.3350.2460.3370.412
oak0.2290.3290.0610.0450.2350.117
chestnut..0.088..0.0621.0290.128
other broadleaves0.3240.8220.1410.4150.8230.511
total8.9513.0410.656.566.2109.02

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185459/171935
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
n/aspruce49810104175341239914463625175
fir330115121024517523377511467
pine199844321268304807210527
larch-124526332608234176512425
stone pine......372601003726
other conifers13775229071237..6827
beech361146088126223661104111417
maple413791265726263427221715
ash1051817220171191113826330615
oak4729792555365025814018
chestnut..088..38419692260
other broadleaves57231842317435425374034814
total147062809410159737101412161723
inside perimeterspruce1548..623028719803244514
fir1398..155358278569423
pine-173..270-8153598-2551
larch......552915527025
stone pine......2244..2244
other conifers....01000100..0100
beech1080..1110082370114610432
maple-4112..214057401004174
ash0100..3565410100931
oak....-0100..0.-0100
chestnut............
other broadleaves090..29910353641629
total3467..9728497141122774011
outside perimeterspruce5127363161312670111862315567
fir882256292761610323353955711
pine444171-119730620723454
larch..17735810626544216522
stone pine......1426..1426
other conifers-1121154-118327521002196
beech1231864241981879481084257213
maple2135-1159404521637697832
ash655254647255653383917122
oak1521-768-0146248524382154
chestnut......4891203212431
other broadleaves140448511878821723017517
total293141682011879116396451334565
totalspruce56491076712097135783111745184
fir4301056895361121316503017975
pine228545311364515268413727
larch-1245273254324317853135914
stone pine......403001004030
other conifers12865328-127344121007027
beech49411672833614197271183818166
maple583080309924523195429914
ash111171971867357246403748712
oak472972295611045263516117
chestnut..088..7621392914628
other broadleaves5824188223041151151122353911
total1796529774229952397689910103682

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185460/171936
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · protection forest region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
protection forest region
Jura + PlateauNorthwestern AlpsNortheastern AlpsSouthwestern AlpsSoutheastern AlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %± %±
n/aspruce36.01.752.64.858.05.432.09.656.58.632.39.940.81.5
fir19.71.423.33.915.83.72.41.38.64.35.03.718.51.2
pine1.50.51.91.00.41.010.74.93.33.80.30.21.70.5
larch0.60.20.20.80.60.431.69.511.96.711.77.12.00.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.05.63.39.93.10.30.30.60.2
other conifers1.50.40.10.10.00.0-0.00.00.60.3.0.01.10.3
beech22.61.510.63.015.74.0-1.11.7-1.13.26.82.918.51.2
maple3.10.66.51.84.21.52.61.51.71.01.41.03.50.5
ash6.50.91.31.92.23.31.15.81.60.81.30.95.00.7
oak2.90.60.60.40.50.52.21.30.20.21.50.82.30.4
chestnut0.00.00.10.1.0.01.71.6.0.013.58.20.40.2
other broadleaves5.61.02.81.02.51.211.23.56.73.426.08.55.70.8
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce45.123.660.311.156.710.845.010.887.512.371.410.360.25.1
fir37.121.213.25.925.26.87.04.64.12.77.23.812.72.8
pine-2.82.80.90.70.40.42.05.2-13.08.54.44.2-0.41.8
larch.0.02.22.20.20.223.88.35.05.213.06.49.32.4
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.41.61.02.9.0.00.20.6
other conifers.0.00.10.1.0.00.00.00.00.0.0.00.00.0
beech31.021.517.58.914.27.717.710.310.37.90.11.614.04.0
maple-12.620.63.11.60.72.60.81.5.0.00.30.30.60.9
ash1.31.41.60.82.01.01.41.0.0.00.40.41.20.4
oak.0.0-0.10.1.0.0.0.0.0.00.00.0-0.00.0
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0
other broadleaves0.90.91.21.00.60.32.11.15.33.33.11.82.10.6
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
outside perimeterspruce19.03.354.44.848.45.541.27.776.65.328.85.745.22.4
fir31.14.221.73.720.03.48.13.93.91.85.42.116.01.6
pine1.00.4-0.10.10.30.27.84.8-0.00.50.10.11.00.5
larch0.30.20.00.40.70.618.25.09.43.58.43.44.81.0
stone pine.0.0-0.40.4.0.01.10.70.30.8.0.00.00.2
other conifers-0.10.40.20.2-0.30.40.10.10.00.00.20.20.10.1
beech40.44.214.04.018.53.94.72.12.61.416.86.116.51.9
maple2.12.11.71.25.32.61.01.92.01.61.10.82.20.7
ash6.72.44.51.54.92.29.55.6-1.22.25.92.34.91.0
oak-1.51.30.30.30.00.2-0.10.50.50.53.61.40.60.3
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.01.10.9-0.00.018.65.33.61.1
other broadleaves1.11.23.71.12.01.67.42.85.92.711.13.35.10.9
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce34.41.654.23.353.33.640.45.470.54.634.64.943.61.3
fir20.91.321.52.518.82.36.62.45.71.95.51.717.30.9
pine1.40.50.80.40.40.46.83.0-0.31.70.60.51.30.3
larch0.50.20.30.50.60.322.44.09.83.29.52.83.50.5
stone pine.0.0-0.20.2.0.01.80.93.91.20.00.00.40.1
other conifers1.40.40.10.1-0.10.20.00.00.20.10.20.20.70.2
beech24.41.413.02.516.92.67.23.32.11.713.14.617.51.0
maple2.90.63.81.04.41.41.31.11.70.91.00.62.90.4
ash6.40.82.91.13.41.75.53.30.01.24.51.64.70.6
oak2.50.50.40.20.20.20.40.40.40.32.91.01.60.3
chestnut0.00.00.00.0.0.00.90.6-0.00.015.54.11.40.4
other broadleaves5.20.93.10.72.10.96.71.76.11.912.42.85.20.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: protection forest region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185464/171940
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: avalanches SilvaProtect · main tree species · protection forest region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
protection forest region
Jura + PlateauNorthwestern AlpsNortheastern AlpsSouthwestern AlpsSoutheastern AlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
avalanches SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
n/aspruce4.164.6125.5131.4362.6231.5353.95
fir2.372.0191.5250.1580.4510.2741.87
pine0.2370.2560.02260.5460.21160.0710.227
larch0.1370.03860.1631.4350.5620.5640.225
stone pine......0.3580.5290.01000.126
other conifers0.2280.0780.0100-0.01000.039..0.127
beech2.670.9311.527-0.0156-0.12880.3401.87
maple0.4210.6290.4340.1560.1540.1710.315
ash0.7140.11510.21550.15310.1480.1630.515
oak0.3190.1560.1880.1560.01000.1570.218
chestnut0.0880.0100..0.1100..0.6690.060
other broadleaves0.6180.2360.2480.5320.3511.2380.514
total11.538.799.5104.5184.6164.6199.63
inside perimeterspruce3.2395.2285.2303.5374.8285.8284.613
fir2.6971.1452.3280.5650.2640.6541.023
pine-0.2670.1720.0990.2271-0.7530.497-0.0504
larch..0.2990.0991.8290.31111.1490.724
stone pine......0.03960.1298..0.0243
other conifers..0.099..0.0.0.099..0.0100
beech2.2751.5581.3591.4660.6790.011461.132
maple-0.91080.3500.13440.1199..0.0990.0169
ash0.1960.1510.2490.166..0.0990.130
oak..-0.099......0.0.-0.0100
chestnut..............
other broadleaves0.1850.1860.1490.2480.3570.3620.229
total7.1638.6209.1207.7225.4278.1227.710
outside perimeterspruce1.7185.9114.6162.8245.4161.8233.77
fir2.8162.3191.9180.5500.3460.3381.310
pine0.138-0.01080.0540.564-0.022260.0720.154
larch0.0760.011110.1821.2330.7380.5420.422
stone pine..-0.0100..0.1680.0304..0.0502
other conifers-0.05920.079-0.01630.01000.0610.01000.0176
beech3.7121.5321.8240.3420.2541.1411.413
maple0.21000.2700.5510.11810.1780.1690.232
ash0.6380.5350.5440.666-0.11880.4390.421
oak-0.1820.0980.07750-0.04330.01000.2380.155
chestnut......0.184-0.01001.2320.331
other broadleaves0.11110.4300.2780.5340.4460.7300.417
total9.1810.899.6106.8167.1136.4128.35
totalspruce3.855.285.1102.6184.0122.1173.94
fir2.372.1131.8130.4380.3330.3301.55
pine0.2350.1560.01180.447-0.05010.0840.127
larch0.1360.01450.1531.4190.6340.6310.314
stone pine..-0.0100..0.1490.2310.01000.030
other conifers0.2280.061-0.01780.01290.0370.01000.126
beech2.761.2211.6170.5480.1790.8381.66
maple0.3220.4260.4330.1870.1530.1540.314
ash0.7130.3380.3510.4630.0217750.3370.412
oak0.3210.0500.01000.0910.0800.2350.117
chestnut0.0880.0100..0.165-0.01001.0290.128
other broadleaves0.6180.3230.2440.4230.4310.8230.511
total11.139.669.576.4115.7106.2109.02

change, calculated by unit of reference: protection forest region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185465/171941
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
outside of perimeterspruce34.02.837.12.152.64.154.25.032.39.940.81.5
fir22.52.318.21.724.13.47.12.25.03.718.61.2
pine1.31.21.60.51.20.84.01.90.30.21.70.5
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.111.13.511.77.12.00.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.05.01.30.30.30.60.2
other conifers0.90.71.80.50.00.00.30.1.0.01.10.3
beech24.62.921.61.712.52.64.92.86.82.918.51.2
maple2.81.03.20.85.61.43.51.21.41.03.50.5
ash7.01.26.11.21.61.91.52.01.30.94.90.7
oak3.20.92.80.70.50.30.80.41.50.82.30.4
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.40.313.58.20.40.2
other broadleaves3.80.96.51.41.70.77.31.826.08.55.60.8
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce20.34.121.35.152.63.857.73.635.15.547.62.2
fir30.35.032.97.522.73.09.71.75.61.915.51.4
pine0.90.60.50.30.10.11.31.30.70.60.80.5
larch.0.00.70.50.30.29.71.89.13.05.60.9
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.20.4.0.00.10.2
other conifers-0.40.50.60.3-0.10.20.10.10.20.20.10.1
beech40.25.137.97.116.32.69.72.714.35.316.11.7
maple5.42.4-6.44.03.31.41.60.81.00.62.00.6
ash2.51.114.55.63.90.93.71.75.11.94.30.9
oak0.20.8-4.43.2-0.00.10.30.23.11.20.50.3
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.20.215.94.62.90.9
other broadleaves0.61.42.42.01.00.85.91.19.92.84.60.7
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce31.42.436.22.052.62.856.63.034.64.943.61.3
fir23.92.119.11.723.32.38.91.35.51.717.30.9
pine1.21.01.50.50.60.42.11.10.60.51.30.3
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.110.11.79.52.83.50.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.01.70.50.00.00.40.1
other conifers0.70.61.80.5-0.00.10.20.10.20.20.70.2
beech27.52.522.61.614.61.98.22.113.14.617.51.0
maple3.21.02.70.84.31.02.20.71.00.62.90.4
ash6.21.06.61.12.91.03.01.34.51.64.70.6
oak2.60.82.40.70.20.10.40.22.91.01.50.3
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.30.215.54.11.40.4
other broadleaves3.20.86.31.41.30.56.31.012.42.85.20.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185466/171942
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
outside of perimeterspruce3.194.975.2112.9131.5353.95
fir2.0112.4102.4160.4320.2741.87
pine0.1980.2320.1680.2480.0710.227
larch-0.02450.1330.0600.6340.5640.225
stone pine......0.3260.01000.126
other conifers0.1770.2290.0710.037..0.127
beech2.2142.981.2220.3610.3401.87
maple0.2380.4260.6260.2330.1710.315
ash0.6180.8200.21190.11380.1630.515
oak0.3290.4250.1530.0500.1570.218
chestnut..0.088..0.0840.6690.060
other broadleaves0.3240.9230.2430.4251.2380.514
total9.0613.3410.085.394.6199.53
inside perimeterspruce1.8212.0285.9104.292.3183.96
fir2.6213.1262.6150.7180.4331.39
pine0.1630.0690.01780.11030.0890.172
larch..0.1750.0580.7190.6350.517
stone pine......0.0229..0.0230
other conifers-0.01210.153-0.02120.0750.01000.0179
beech3.5153.6191.8170.7300.9411.312
maple0.548-0.6570.4430.1520.1660.231
ash0.2421.4440.4240.3480.3380.420
oak0.0521-0.467-0.07460.0840.2380.055
chestnut......0.0891.0320.231
other broadleaves0.12180.2800.1760.4190.7290.416
total8.7109.41511.377.376.6118.24
totalspruce2.894.775.673.782.1173.94
fir2.1102.592.5110.6150.3301.65
pine0.1850.2310.1640.1520.0840.127
larch-0.02450.1320.0430.7170.6310.314
stone pine......0.1300.01000.030
other conifers0.1860.228-0.02730.0410.01000.127
beech2.5112.981.6140.5270.8381.66
maple0.3300.3300.5240.1310.1540.314
ash0.6170.9180.3350.2460.3370.412
oak0.2290.3290.0610.0450.2350.117
chestnut..0.088..0.0621.0290.128
other broadleaves0.3240.8220.1410.4150.8230.511
total8.9513.0410.656.566.2109.02

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185467/171943
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: protection forest perimeter SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
protection forest perimeter SilvaProtectmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
outside of perimeterspruce49610104175341239914463625165
fir329115121024517523377511457
pine199844321268304807210527
larch-124526332608234176512425
stone pine......372601003726
other conifers13775229071237..6827
beech360146088126223661104111407
maple403891265726263427221515
ash1031817220171191113826330415
oak4729792555365025814018
chestnut..088..38419692260
other broadleaves56241832317435425374034714
total146262808410159737101412161643
inside perimeterspruce6823363167511958102661920026
fir1012356292921616118433365210
pine3631711178221035893272
larch..17735816120693523417
stone pine......3230..3230
other conifers-1121154-121227521002179
beech13518642420918160301094267712
maple1848-1159424426527668331
ash843254650246148383818220
oak1521-768-074648524382155
chestnut......4891203212431
other broadleaves221848113769819752919216
total335141692012848166077571142055
totalspruce56491076712097135783111745184
fir4301056895361121316503017975
pine228545311364515268413727
larch-1245273254324317853135914
stone pine......403001004030
other conifers12865328-127344121007027
beech49411672833614197271183818166
maple583080309924523195429914
ash111171971867357246403748712
oak472972295611045263516117
chestnut..088..7621392914628
other broadleaves5824188223041151151122353911
total1796529774229952397689910103682

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185468/171944
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: rockfall SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: %
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
rockfall SilvaProtectmain tree species %± %± %± %± %± %±
n/aspruce34.02.837.12.152.64.154.25.032.39.940.81.5
fir22.52.318.21.724.13.47.12.25.03.718.61.2
pine1.31.21.60.51.20.84.01.90.30.21.70.5
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.111.13.511.77.12.00.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.05.01.30.30.30.60.2
other conifers0.90.71.80.50.00.00.30.1.0.01.10.3
beech24.62.921.61.712.52.64.92.86.82.918.51.2
maple2.81.03.20.85.61.43.51.21.41.03.50.5
ash7.01.26.11.21.61.91.52.01.30.94.90.7
oak3.20.92.80.70.50.30.80.41.50.82.30.4
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.40.313.58.20.40.2
other broadleaves3.80.96.51.41.70.77.31.826.08.55.60.8
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
inside perimeterspruce104.7159.761.10.0-27.370.063.521.829.211.947.711.5
fir-79.1223.6.0.08.526.122.012.30.20.28.06.5
pine0.00.1.0.02.46.1-0.22.1.0.0-0.01.0
larch.0.0.0.0.0.06.93.5-2.52.42.31.7
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.0-3.53.6.0.0-1.71.6
other conifers.0.0.0.03.58.00.20.2.0.00.20.1
beech96.2169.12.40.097.042.6-6.830.013.09.68.714.6
maple-36.9113.817.60.06.514.83.73.40.80.81.12.5
ash11.122.79.70.04.435.44.25.911.47.07.74.4
oak3.06.2.0.05.115.0-0.50.51.31.20.50.6
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.02.32.732.712.715.46.9
other broadleaves0.91.99.20.0-0.08.38.34.313.97.010.23.9
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
outside perimeterspruce17.93.720.65.253.03.857.33.636.06.047.62.2
fir33.44.833.57.622.83.08.71.66.52.216.01.4
pine0.90.60.50.30.10.11.41.40.80.70.80.6
larch.0.00.70.50.30.29.91.911.03.55.81.0
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.00.50.4.0.00.20.1
other conifers-0.40.50.60.4-0.10.20.10.10.20.20.00.1
beech38.64.738.57.315.92.410.92.114.66.016.61.6
maple6.62.1-6.84.13.31.41.40.81.00.72.00.6
ash2.31.114.65.63.90.93.61.84.01.94.10.9
oak0.10.8-4.53.3-0.00.10.30.23.41.40.50.3
chestnut.0.0.0.0.0.00.10.113.14.92.20.9
other broadleaves0.61.42.32.01.00.85.71.29.33.04.20.7
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.
totalspruce31.42.436.22.052.62.856.63.034.64.943.61.3
fir23.92.119.11.723.32.38.91.35.51.717.30.9
pine1.21.01.50.50.60.42.11.10.60.51.30.3
larch-0.10.20.90.30.20.110.11.79.52.83.50.5
stone pine.0.0.0.0.0.01.70.50.00.00.40.1
other conifers0.70.61.80.5-0.00.10.20.10.20.20.70.2
beech27.52.522.61.614.61.98.22.113.14.617.51.0
maple3.21.02.70.84.31.02.20.71.00.62.90.4
ash6.21.06.61.12.91.03.01.34.51.64.70.6
oak2.60.82.40.70.20.10.40.22.91.01.50.3
chestnut.0.00.00.0.0.00.30.215.54.11.40.4
other broadleaves3.20.86.31.41.30.56.31.012.42.85.20.5
total100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.100.0.

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185470/171946
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: rockfall SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: m³/yr/ha
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
rockfall SilvaProtectmain tree species (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± % (m³/yr)/ha± %
n/aspruce3.194.975.2112.9131.5353.95
fir2.0112.4102.4160.4320.2741.87
pine0.1980.2320.1680.2480.0710.227
larch-0.02450.1330.0600.6340.5640.225
stone pine......0.3260.01000.126
other conifers0.1770.2290.0710.037..0.127
beech2.2142.981.2220.3610.3401.87
maple0.2380.4260.6260.2330.1710.315
ash0.6180.8200.21190.11380.1630.515
oak0.3290.4250.1530.0500.1570.218
chestnut..0.088..0.0840.6690.060
other broadleaves0.3240.9230.2430.4251.2380.514
total9.0613.3410.085.394.6199.53
inside perimeterspruce3.0774.6.-0.6883.3302.7452.924
fir-2.3101..0.23681.2550.0990.586
pine0.094..0.194-0.0963..-0.02508
larch......0.440-0.2890.174
stone pine......-0.287..-0.188
other conifers....0.1940.099..0.070
beech2.8610.2.2.2227-0.44141.2780.5182
maple-1.11291.3.0.1740.2880.1920.1227
ash0.3940.7.0.16430.21431.1640.558
oak0.194..0.194-0.0990.1890.0106
chestnut......0.11113.1450.944
other broadleaves0.0960.7.-0.0203610.4381.3520.635
total2.91877.6.2.32225.2379.4216.022
outside perimeterspruce1.7211.9296.1104.3102.3204.06
fir3.1173.2262.6150.7180.4331.39
pine0.1630.0690.02100.11010.1890.171
larch..0.1750.0580.7200.7330.517
stone pine......0.081..0.081
other conifers-0.01210.153-0.01770.0810.01000.0223
beech3.6163.6191.8170.8200.9461.411
maple0.633-0.6540.4440.1600.1740.231
ash0.2471.4440.4240.3510.3470.321
oak0.01164-0.467-0.02640.0730.2400.058
chestnut......0.01220.8410.240
other broadleaves0.12270.2850.1760.4200.6330.417
total9.399.51511.577.576.3128.44
totalspruce2.894.775.673.782.1173.94
fir2.1102.592.5110.6150.3301.65
pine0.1850.2310.1640.1520.0840.127
larch-0.02450.1320.0430.7170.6310.314
stone pine......0.1300.01000.030
other conifers0.1860.228-0.02730.0410.01000.127
beech2.5112.981.6140.5270.8381.66
maple0.3300.3300.5240.1310.1540.314
ash0.6170.9180.3350.2460.3370.412
oak0.2290.3290.0610.0450.2350.117
chestnut..0.088..0.0621.0290.128
other broadleaves0.3240.8220.1410.4150.8230.511
total8.9513.0410.656.566.2109.02

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185471/171947
NFI3–NFI4b
annual increment: rockfall SilvaProtect · main tree species · production region
unit: 1000 m³/yr
unit of evaluation: accessible forest without shrub forest NFI3/NFI4
grid: grid NFI4 2009-2013
change 2004/06–2009/13
production region
JuraPlateauPre-AlpsAlpsSouthern Alpsoverall
rockfall SilvaProtectmain tree species1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %1000 m³/yr± %
n/aspruce49610104175341239914463625165
fir329115121024517523377511457
pine199844321268304807210527
larch-124526332608234176512425
stone pine......372601003726
other conifers13775229071237..6827
beech360146088126223661104111407
maple403891265726263427221515
ash1031817220171191113826330415
oak4729792555365025814018
chestnut..088..38419692260
other broadleaves56241832317435425374034714
total146262808410159737101412161643
inside perimeterspruce10842100-2957633314811726
fir-7106..1369265601002086
pine0100..0100-0963..-02508
larch......842-391675
stone pine......-488..-488
other conifers....01000100..071
beech96901006230-8415148021182
maple-313301000824891943227
ash110001000644514312661959
oak0100..0100-11001911107
chestnut......311235483845
other broadleaves01010100-020361104015542536
total919031007225120391072724524
outside perimeterspruce5823343267711882102342018867
fir109205629291161351842336329
pine3631711210221015893272
larch..17735815321723322917
stone pine......781..781
other conifers-1121154-117728121002223
beech1261864242031716921954665611
maple2134-1156424422606748131
ash748244650245651264716422
oak01164-768-126457322401958
chestnut......112285418640
other broadleaves222848613768821603316718
total325131662012778154086511339605
totalspruce56491076712097135783111745184
fir4301056895361121316503017975
pine228545311364515268413727
larch-1245273254324317853135914
stone pine......403001004030
other conifers12865328-127344121007027
beech49411672833614197271183818166
maple583080309924523195429914
ash111171971867357246403748712
oak472972295611045263516117
chestnut..088..7621392914628
other broadleaves5824188223041151151122353911
total1796529774229952397689910103682

change, calculated by unit of reference: production region

© WSL, Swiss National Forest Inventory, 31.03.2015 #185472/171948
search result: 155765 entries on 6491 pages

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