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Inventory

NFI1

(2)

1983/85

Topic

basal area of deadwood NFI1

(2)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

area

forest area

(48)

All areas designated as forest according to the NFI forest definition. The forest definition includes shrub forest. The target variable "forest area" is also used when classifying the total area as forest or non-forest.

basal area

(19)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

basal area of deadwood

(10)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

total basal area

(10)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm. The total basal area corresponds to the sum of the basal area and the deadwood basal area.

total basal area NFI1

(2)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. The total basal area NFI1 corresponds to the sum of the basal area and the deadwood basal area NFI1.

biomass

biomass of stumps

(9)

Dry weight (mass) of the stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag. The mass is determined on the basis of species- and decomposition-dependent wood densities.

ecological indicators

number of microhabitats on standing living trees

(3)

Number of microhabitats on standing living trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh). Microhabitats are defined as: fungal fruiting bodies; areas on the stem where moss, lichen or ivy covers more than 10%; woodpecker breeding cavity; shallow tree cavity; wide crack; bark pocket; fresh break; dendrotelm; canker or burr; buttress-root concavity; deep tree cavity; area of exposed bare wood larger than a hand; stag-headedness; resin flow; insect damage (foot of trunk /trunk/stem); >20% dead branches.

fellings

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested between two inventories.

fellings and mortality

(16)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

sanitary/salvage fellings due to insects

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were not removed from the forest as part of silvicultural planning, but because they had been damaged by insects between two inventories. The variable is derived at the sample plot level from the harvested tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information provided by the foresters).

sanitary/salvage fellings due to wind

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were not removed from the forest as part of silvicultural planning, but because they had been damaged by wind between two inventories. The variable is derived at the sample plot level from the harvested tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information provided by the foresters).

forest edge

length of forest edge (aerial photo)

(9)

Length of the forest edge calculated on the basis of the forest boundary lines determined in the aerial photo.

increment

increment (gross increment)

(16)

Increase in stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period.

net increment

(12)

Increase in the stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period minus the volume of mortality. The net increment thus corresponds to the increment (=gross increment) minus the volume of mortality.

mortality

fellings and mortality

(16)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

mortality

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that died naturally between two inventories (e.g. due to windthrow or insects) or disappeared (e.g. due to avalanches), but that were not harvested. Mortality is the sum of natural losses and the remaining mortality.

number of stems

(57)

Number of stems of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm.

stand density index (SDI)

(26)

Measure of the density of a stocking calculated from the number of stems per hectare (in NFI trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height [dbh] ≥12 cm) and the mean diameter. With a callipering threshold of 0 cm, the SDI is largely independent of the site quality, tree species composition and stand age.

total number of stems

(48)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm. The total number of stems is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems.

total number of stems NFI1

(6)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. The total number of stems NFI1 is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems NFI1.

volume

deadwood quantity

(24)

Stemwood volume of standing dead trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm less the volume of broken stem pieces, plus the volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merch. wood without piles of branches), lying

(24)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable wood pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merchantable wood), lying

(9)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood), including merchantable pieces of wood in piles of branches.

deadwood volume of stumps

(9)

Volume of stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag.

growing stock (stemwood)

(57)

Stemwood volume of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

total wood volume (stemwood)

(48)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark. The total wood volume is the sum of the growing stock and deadwood volumes.

total wood volume (stemwood) NFI1

(6)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

volume of deadwood (stemwood)

(30)

Volume of stemwood of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

volume of deadwood (stemwood) NFI1

(6)

Stemwood volume of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark recorded according to the NFI1 method. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. In addition, lying but still green trees were classified as deadwood.

woody species

diversity of woody species

(12)

Measure for the ecological assessment of forest stands, derived from the number of woody species with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm and the occurrence of woody species of special ecological significance (willows, birches, alders, native poplars, oaks, chestnut, cherry, wild fruit and Sorbus species) in the upper layer.

number of woody species (≥40 cm high)

(8)

Number of species of trees and shrubs that occur within the 200 m² circle on the sample plot with at least one living individual ≥40 cm high.

Classification

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 10 classes)

(2)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005) – in ten classes, whereby the classes «hyperinsubric», «colline» and «colline with beech» and «lower and upper montane» only occur in the Southern Alps (S), the classes «submontane», «lower montane», «upper montane» only in the Northern Alps (N) and the classes «high montane», «subalpine» and «upper subalpine» on both sides of the Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

(2)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

conifers and broadleaves

(4)

Type of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) in two classes (conifers or broadleaves). Reference: Field Survey (MID 50: Baumart)

higher/lower altitude zone

(2)

Areas in higher and lower altitude zones classified according to the system used for altitudinal vegetation belts in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005). The boundary between the higher and lower altitudes runs between the «upper montane» and «lower montane» levels on the Northern Alps and between the «high montane» and «upper/lower montane» levels to the Southern Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

main tree species

(4)

Type of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) with the ten most common species or species groups in Switzerland ('main tree species') categorised, and the classes 'other conifers' and 'other broadleaves' for the remaining species. The main tree species are: spruce (Picea spp.), fir (Abies spp.), pine (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. strobus, P. mugo subsp. uncinata), larch (Larix spp.), Arolla pine (Pinus cembra), beech (Fagus sylvatica), maple (Acer spp.), ash (Fraxinus spp.), oak (Quercus spp.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa). Reference: Field Survey (MID 50: Baumart)

ownership (2 categories)

(2)

Forest ownership, classified according to the two categories: 'public' and 'private'. Reference: Forest Service Survey (MID 365: Eigentum)

tree state (standing/lying)

(4)

Classification of trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) into standing or lying. Reference: Field Survey (MID 58: Bemerkungen, MID 1018: Baumzustand)

region

canton

(2)

Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

production region

(2)

Demarcation of Switzerland into five regions (Jura, Plateau, Pre-Alps, Alps and Southern Alps) with relatively uniform growth and timber production conditions. The production regions were established by the Federal Office of Forestry long before the first National Forest Inventory (NFI1, 1983-1985). With a small exception along Lake Geneva, the boundaries of the production regions still follow the municipal boundaries of the time. Unlike the NFI, the Forestry Statistics of the Federal Statistical Office don't use the production regions as demarcation but rather the forestry zones, whose boundaries are somewhat different.

economic region

(2)

Division of Switzerland into 14 regions (2 in the Jura, 3 on the Plateau, 3 in the Pre-Alps, 5 in the Alps and 1 in the Southern Alps). The economic regions are a subdivision of the production regions according to economic-geographical criteria.

protective forest region

(2)

Demarcation of Switzerland used in NFI for protective forest analyses. The six protective forest regions were derived from the economic regions by combining individual regions according to natural and statistical criteria.

biogeographical region

(2)

Demarcation of Switzerland into six regions with similar flora and fauna. The six regions correspond to the basic categories in the publication «The Biogeographical Regions of Switzerland», which was published by FOEN in 2022.

forest district (2023)

(2)

Regional demarcation with the forest districts as a unit. This variable is based on a survey of the cantonal forest services in winter 2022/2023.

evaluation area

accessible forest without shrub forest

(1)

Forest of which less than two-thirds is covered with shrubs that can be accessed on foot.

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5

(1)

Forest that was less than two-thirds covered with shrubs in the five inventories NFI1 (1983-1985), NFI2 (1993-1995), NFI3 (2004-2006), NFI4 (2009-2017) and NFI5 (2018-2026) and was accessible on foot.

grid

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

(1)

Sub-grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the field surveys on the sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km (base grid).

1.4-km grid

(1)

NFI's sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km. The 1.4-km grid is the grid size covering all the previous terrestrial Inventories, which is why it is also called the base grid.

search result: 2 entries on 1 page

LFI1 1983/85

canton

basal area of deadwood NFI1

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 10 classes)

accessible forest without shrub forest

1.4-km grid

m²/ha

LFI1 1983/85

canton

basal area of deadwood NFI1

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 10 classes)

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

m²/ha

search result: 2 entries on 1 page

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