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Inventory

NFI5

(3)

2018/26

NFI4

(3)

2009/17

NFI3

(3)

2004/06

Topic

length of forest edge (aerial photo)

(9)

Length of the forest edge calculated on the basis of the forest boundary lines determined in the aerial photo.

area

forest area

(1'597)

All areas designated as forest according to the NFI forest definition. The forest definition includes shrub forest. The target variable "forest area" is also used when classifying the total area as forest or non-forest.

forest area with biodiversity measures

(14)

Forest area in which specific measures for the conservation or promotion of biodiversity have been implemented since the last inventory. Only measures that have been explicitly subsidised as 'biodiversity' measures are taken into account. Since several biodiversity measures may be implemented in a forest area at the same time, this area may contribute to the total area of several different biodiversity measures.

ratio of the types of damage gaps

(8)

Ratio of the different damage events (e.g. wind, insects) which led to damage gaps. The ratio is determined on the basis of those damage gaps that account for at least 10% of the interpretation area (50 × 50 m) and on which, according to the information provided by the local forest services, only one damage event occurred. The target value thus allows comparisons of inventories from NFI3 onwards.

basal area

(152)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

basal area of deadwood

(10)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

basal area of deadwood NFI1

(2)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

total basal area

(30)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm. The total basal area corresponds to the sum of the basal area and the deadwood basal area.

total basal area NFI1

(6)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. The total basal area NFI1 corresponds to the sum of the basal area and the deadwood basal area NFI1.

biomass

biomass of stumps

(9)

Dry weight (mass) of the stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag. The mass is determined on the basis of species- and decomposition-dependent wood densities.

ecological indicators

number of microhabitats on standing living trees

(3)

Number of microhabitats on standing living trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh). Microhabitats are defined as: fungal fruiting bodies; areas on the stem where moss, lichen or ivy covers more than 10%; woodpecker breeding cavity; shallow tree cavity; wide crack; bark pocket; fresh break; dendrotelm; canker or burr; buttress-root concavity; deep tree cavity; area of exposed bare wood larger than a hand; stag-headedness; resin flow; insect damage (foot of trunk /trunk/stem); >20% dead branches.

number of stems (standing living trees) with microhabitat

(3)

Number of standing living trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) on which a microhabitat was found. Since various microhabitats at a time may be found on the same tree, the tree may contribute to the number of stems (standing-living) of several different microhabitats. Microhabitats are defined as: fungal fruiting bodies; areas on the stem where moss, lichen or ivy covers more than 10%; woodpecker breeding cavity; shallow tree cavity; wide crack; bark pocket; fresh break; dendrotelm; canker or burr; buttress-root concavity; deep tree cavity; area of exposed bare wood larger than a hand; stag-headedness; resin flow; insect damage (foot of trunk /trunk/stem); >20% dead branches.

fellings

(48)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested between two inventories.

fellings and mortality

(48)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

fellings and mortality according to cause of damage

(4)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were felled, died or disappeared between two inventories with the cause of death given.

sanitary/salvage fellings

(24)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were removed from the forest because of damage that occurred between two inventories rather than due to silvicultural planning. The characteristic is derived at the sample plot level from the fellings of the tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information from the foresters).

sanitary/salvage fellings due to insects

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were not removed from the forest as part of silvicultural planning, but because they had been damaged by insects between two inventories. The variable is derived at the sample plot level from the harvested tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information provided by the foresters).

sanitary/salvage fellings due to wind

(12)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were not removed from the forest as part of silvicultural planning, but because they had been damaged by wind between two inventories. The variable is derived at the sample plot level from the harvested tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information provided by the foresters).

forest edge

proportion of forest edge

(60)

Proportion of the forest edge with a certain characteristic (e.g. structural diversity, diversity of woody species or forest edge structure) in the total forest edge. The forest edge is the border or transition area between the vegetation form of forest and other elements of the landscape.

forest plots

proportion of forest plots

(176)

Proportion of sample plots that meet the forest definition of NFI, i.e. are covered by "forest without shrub forest" or "shrub forest".

sample size (number of forest plots)

(48)

Number of forest sample plots (Plots).

increment

increment (gross increment)

(64)

Increase in stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period.

net increment

(36)

Increase in the stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period minus the volume of mortality. The net increment thus corresponds to the increment (=gross increment) minus the volume of mortality.

mortality

fellings and mortality

(48)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

fellings and mortality according to cause of damage

(4)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were felled, died or disappeared between two inventories with the cause of death given.

mortality

(36)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that died naturally between two inventories (e.g. due to windthrow or insects) or disappeared (e.g. due to avalanches), but that were not harvested. Mortality is the sum of natural losses and the remaining mortality.

number of stems

(174)

Number of stems of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm.

number of stems of young forest plants with browsing damage

(30)

Number of stems of conifers and broadleaves 10 to 129 cm in height on which browsing on the shoot from the previous year was detected. Since a different method was used for assessing browsing traces in NFI2, the browsing intensity was overestimated in comparison with in the inventories from NFI4 on. Thus, only increases in browsing intensity can be clearly determined in comparisons with NFI2. For a reliable estimate, at least 30 individuals per estimated value (table cell) should have been assessed for browsing. Therefore, the corresponding tables with the target variable "Number of trees assessed for browsing (no extrapolation)" should also be consulted.

number of trees assessed for browsing (no extrapolation)

(20)

Actual number of conifers and broadleaves assessed for browsing during the field survey (no extrapolation).

stand density index (SDI)

(26)

Measure of the density of a stocking calculated from the number of stems per hectare (in NFI trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height [dbh] ≥12 cm) and the mean diameter. With a callipering threshold of 0 cm, the SDI is largely independent of the site quality, tree species composition and stand age.

total number of stems

(204)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm. The total number of stems is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems.

total number of stems NFI1

(14)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. The total number of stems NFI1 is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems NFI1.

volume

deadwood quantity

(24)

Stemwood volume of standing dead trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm less the volume of broken stem pieces, plus the volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merch. wood without piles of branches), lying

(24)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable wood pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merchantable wood), lying

(9)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood), including merchantable pieces of wood in piles of branches.

deadwood volume of stumps

(9)

Volume of stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag.

growing stock (stemwood)

(828)

Stemwood volume of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

total wood volume (stemwood)

(204)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark. The total wood volume is the sum of the growing stock and deadwood volumes.

total wood volume (stemwood) NFI1

(14)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

volume of deadwood (stemwood)

(128)

Volume of stemwood of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

volume of deadwood (stemwood) NFI1

(6)

Stemwood volume of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark recorded according to the NFI1 method. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. In addition, lying but still green trees were classified as deadwood.

woody species

diversity of woody species

(12)

Measure for the ecological assessment of forest stands, derived from the number of woody species with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm and the occurrence of woody species of special ecological significance (willows, birches, alders, native poplars, oaks, chestnut, cherry, wild fruit and Sorbus species) in the upper layer.

number of woody species (≥ 12 cm dbh)

(12)

Number of tree and shrub species with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm within the 200 m² circle on the sample plot.

number of woody species (≥40 cm high)

(8)

Number of species of trees and shrubs that occur within the 200 m² circle on the sample plot with at least one living individual ≥40 cm high.

Classification

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

(9)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 10 classes)

(9)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005) – in ten classes, whereby the classes «hyperinsubric», «colline» and «colline with beech» and «lower and upper montane» only occur in the Southern Alps (S), the classes «submontane», «lower montane», «upper montane» only in the Northern Alps (N) and the classes «high montane», «subalpine» and «upper subalpine» on both sides of the Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

higher/lower altitude zone

(9)

Areas in higher and lower altitude zones classified according to the system used for altitudinal vegetation belts in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005). The boundary between the higher and lower altitudes runs between the «upper montane» and «lower montane» levels on the Northern Alps and between the «high montane» and «upper/lower montane» levels to the Southern Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

region

protective forest region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland used in NFI for protective forest analyses. The six protective forest regions were derived from the economic regions by combining individual regions according to natural and statistical criteria.

production region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland into five regions (Jura, Plateau, Pre-Alps, Alps and Southern Alps) with relatively uniform growth and timber production conditions. The production regions were established by the Federal Office of Forestry long before the first National Forest Inventory (NFI1, 1983-1985). With a small exception along Lake Geneva, the boundaries of the production regions still follow the municipal boundaries of the time. Unlike the NFI, the Forestry Statistics of the Federal Statistical Office don't use the production regions as demarcation but rather the forestry zones, whose boundaries are somewhat different.

economic region

(9)

Division of Switzerland into 14 regions (2 in the Jura, 3 on the Plateau, 3 in the Pre-Alps, 5 in the Alps and 1 in the Southern Alps). The economic regions are a subdivision of the production regions according to economic-geographical criteria.

canton

(9)

Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

biogeographical region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland into six regions with similar flora and fauna. The six regions correspond to the basic categories in the publication «The Biogeographical Regions of Switzerland», which was published by FOEN in 2022.

forest district (2023)

(9)

Regional demarcation with the forest districts as a unit. This variable is based on a survey of the cantonal forest services in winter 2022/2023.

evaluation area

total area

(9)

Area of Switzerland or a region (e.g. production region or canton) regardless of its cover. In NFI, the total area is made up of the components «forest without shrub forest», «shrub forest» and «non-forest».

grid

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

(3)

Sub-grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the field surveys on the sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km (base grid).

1.4-km grid

(6)

NFI's sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km. The 1.4-km grid is the grid size covering all the previous terrestrial Inventories, which is why it is also called the base grid.

search result: 9 entries on 1 page

LFI5 2018/26

protective forest region

length of forest edge (aerial photo)

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

total area

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

column total, %

m/ha

1000 m

LFI4 2009/17

protective forest region

length of forest edge (aerial photo)

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

total area

1.4-km grid

column total, %

m/ha

1000 m

LFI3 2004/06

protective forest region

length of forest edge (aerial photo)

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

total area

1.4-km grid

column total, %

m/ha

1000 m

search result: 9 entries on 1 page

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