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Inventory

NFI5

(9)

2018/26

Topic

biomass of stumps

(9)

Dry weight (mass) of the stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag. The mass is determined on the basis of species- and decomposition-dependent wood densities.

area

area of vehicle tracks (soil disturbance)

(9)

Area with clearly visible traces on the forest floor from timber harvesting vehicles such as tractors, forwarders and harvesters.

forest area

(420)

All areas designated as forest according to the NFI forest definition. The forest definition includes shrub forest. The target variable "forest area" is also used when classifying the total area as forest or non-forest.

forest area according to forest function

(18)

Forest area classified according to its functions (including "no special forest function"), as determined in the interview survey with the local forest services. A forest area can fulfil several forest functions at the same time, and can thus contribute to the forest area of several forest functions.

ratio of the types of damage gaps

(8)

Ratio of the different damage events (e.g. wind, insects) which led to damage gaps. The ratio is determined on the basis of those damage gaps that account for at least 10% of the interpretation area (50 × 50 m) and on which, according to the information provided by the local forest services, only one damage event occurred. The target value thus allows comparisons of inventories from NFI3 onwards.

basal area

(36)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

basal area of deadwood

(10)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm.

basal area of deadwood NFI1

(2)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

total basal area

(20)

Sum of the stem cross-sectional areas at a height of 1.3 m (level for measuring diameter at breast height [dbh]) of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a dbh ≥12 cm. The total basal area corresponds to the sum of the basal area and the deadwood basal area.

biomass

biomass of deadwood

(24)

Dry weight (mass) of standing and lying deadwood, determined with the help of the species- and decomposition-dependent wood densities of the following components: 1) stemwood, merchantable branchwood, branch brushwood and roots of standing and lying dead trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm without stem breakage; 2) stemwood of the still standing stump, branch brushwood and roots of standing dead trees and shrubs ≥12 cm dbh with stem breakage and 3) LIS-deadwood, i.e. the lying deadwood with a diameter ≥7 cm (merchantable wood without merchantable wood pieces in heaps of branches), which cannot be assigned to a tree or shrub ≥12 cm dbh.

biomass of LIS-deadwood

(24)

Dry weight (mass) of the so-called LIS deadwood, i.e. lying deadwood with a diameter ≥7 cm (merchantable wood; excluding merchantable wood pieces in heaps of branches), which cannot be assigned to a tree or shrub with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm. The mass is determined with the help of species- and decomposition-dependent wood densities.

ecological indicators

number of microhabitats on standing living trees

(3)

Number of microhabitats on standing living trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh). Microhabitats are defined as: fungal fruiting bodies; areas on the stem where moss, lichen or ivy covers more than 10%; woodpecker breeding cavity; shallow tree cavity; wide crack; bark pocket; fresh break; dendrotelm; canker or burr; buttress-root concavity; deep tree cavity; area of exposed bare wood larger than a hand; stag-headedness; resin flow; insect damage (foot of trunk /trunk/stem); >20% dead branches.

number of stems (standing living trees) with microhabitat

(3)

Number of standing living trees and shrubs ≥12 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) on which a microhabitat was found. Since various microhabitats at a time may be found on the same tree, the tree may contribute to the number of stems (standing-living) of several different microhabitats. Microhabitats are defined as: fungal fruiting bodies; areas on the stem where moss, lichen or ivy covers more than 10%; woodpecker breeding cavity; shallow tree cavity; wide crack; bark pocket; fresh break; dendrotelm; canker or burr; buttress-root concavity; deep tree cavity; area of exposed bare wood larger than a hand; stag-headedness; resin flow; insect damage (foot of trunk /trunk/stem); >20% dead branches.

fellings

bolewood harvested

(12)

Wood volume of the stem without bark and stump ≥7 cm in diameter (limit for merchantable wood) of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm that were harvested between two inventories and were alive during the earlier inventory.

fellings

(64)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested between two inventories.

fellings and mortality

(64)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

fellings and mortality according to cause of damage

(8)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were felled, died or disappeared between two inventories with the cause of death given.

merchantable branchwood harvested

(12)

Wood volume of branches ≥7cm in diameter with bark (limit for merchantable wood of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm that were harvested between two inventories and were alive during the earlier inventory.

merchantable timber harvested

(12)

Wood volume of the stem without bark and stump and the branches with bark ≥7 cm in diameter (limit for merchantable wood) of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm that were harvested between two inventories and were alive during the earlier inventory. The target variable "merchantable timber harvested" is an approximation of the amount of usable wood. It comes closest to the volume of timber harvested recorded in the Swiss Forest Statistics.

sanitary/salvage fellings

(16)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were removed from the forest because of damage that occurred between two inventories rather than due to silvicultural planning. The characteristic is derived at the sample plot level from the fellings of the tally trees and the proportion of sanitary/salvage fellings (according to information from the foresters).

forest plots

sample size (number of forest plots)

(48)

Number of forest sample plots (Plots).

increment

increment (gross increment)

(84)

Increase in stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period.

net increment

(48)

Increase in the stemwood volume between two inventories of all surviving trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark, the stemwood volume of all ingrowing trees and shrubs with bark, and the modelled increase in the stemwood volume of the losses with bark during half the inventory period minus the volume of mortality. The net increment thus corresponds to the increment (=gross increment) minus the volume of mortality.

mortality

fellings and mortality

(64)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that were harvested, died or disappeared between two inventories.

fellings and mortality according to cause of damage

(8)

Volume of stemwood with bark of all trees and shrubs ≥12 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) that were felled, died or disappeared between two inventories with the cause of death given.

mortality

(48)

Stemwood volume of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark that died naturally between two inventories (e.g. due to windthrow or insects) or disappeared (e.g. due to avalanches), but that were not harvested. Mortality is the sum of natural losses and the remaining mortality.

number of stems

(84)

Number of stems of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm.

total number of stems

(110)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm. The total number of stems is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems.

total number of stems NFI1

(14)

Number of stems of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. The total number of stems NFI1 is the sum of the number of stems and the number of deadwood stems NFI1.

volume

deadwood quantity

(24)

Stemwood volume of standing dead trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm less the volume of broken stem pieces, plus the volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merch. wood without piles of branches), lying

(24)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood) without merchantable wood pieces in heaps of branches.

deadwood volume (merchantable wood), lying

(9)

Volume of lying deadwood ≥7 cm in diameter (merchantable wood), including merchantable pieces of wood in piles of branches.

deadwood volume of stumps

(9)

Volume of stumps ≥7 cm in diameter, i.e. the aboveground, woody parts of trees or shrubs below the felling cut or (in the case of natural decay) below the break surface. The maximum height of a stump is 1.3 m; if it is >1.3 m, it is treated as a snag.

growing stock (stemwood)

(456)

Stemwood volume of living trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

total wood volume (stemwood)

(150)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark. The total wood volume is the sum of the growing stock and deadwood volumes.

total wood volume (stemwood) NFI1

(14)

Stemwood volume of all living and dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark according to the method used in NFI1. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable.

volume of bolewood (HG 2010)

(48)

Wood volume of the stem without bark or stump ≥7 cm in diameter (limit for merchantable wood) of all trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm, based on the stem-form functions according to Kaufmann (2001). The definition of the assortments is based on the 2010 edition of the Swiss trading customs for raw timber (HG 2010).

volume of deadwood (stemwood)

(30)

Volume of stemwood of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark.

volume of deadwood (stemwood) NFI1

(6)

Stemwood volume of all dead trees and shrubs (standing and lying) with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥12 cm with bark recorded according to the NFI1 method. In NFI1, dead trees were only included if their wood was still usable. In addition, lying but still green trees were classified as deadwood.

Classification

ownership (2 categories)

(9)

Forest ownership, classified according to the two categories: 'public' and 'private'. Reference: Forest Service Survey (MID 365: Eigentum)

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 10 classes)

(9)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005) – in ten classes, whereby the classes «hyperinsubric», «colline» and «colline with beech» and «lower and upper montane» only occur in the Southern Alps (S), the classes «submontane», «lower montane», «upper montane» only in the Northern Alps (N) and the classes «high montane», «subalpine» and «upper subalpine» on both sides of the Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

altitudinal vegetation belts (NaiS; 6 classes)

(9)

Altitudinal vegetation belts in the system used in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005), reduced to six classes. The variable represents a simplification of the NaiS altitudinal vegetation belts with ten classes (NAISHSTKOMB) in which the classes «hyperinsubric» and «colline» are merged with «colline with beech» to form the class «hyperinsubric and colline» and the class «lower montane» with «upper montane» and «lower/upper montane» to form the class «lower and upper montane». The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

forest type (12 classes)

(9)

Classification of forests into 12 classes («types») according to their development, structure and management. Unlike in the 17-class forest-type classification, in this 12-class classification all development stages (from young growth to timber) are subsumed in the class «uniform high forest». Reference: Field Survey (MID 255: Nutzungskategorie, MID 257: Waldtyp nach Aufnahmeanleitung LFI, MID 260: Waldform, MID 267: Bestandesstruktur, MID 261: Entwicklungsstufe)

higher/lower altitude zone

(9)

Areas in higher and lower altitude zones classified according to the system used for altitudinal vegetation belts in the guidelines for monitoring the sustainability and performance of protection forests (NaiS; Frehner et al. 2005). The boundary between the higher and lower altitudes runs between the «upper montane» and «lower montane» levels on the Northern Alps and between the «high montane» and «upper/lower montane» levels to the Southern Alps. The information is based on the altitudinal vegetation belts determined by experts (accessible forest sample plots of NFI4 on the 1.4-km network; Arge Frehner et al. 2020), as well as on the altitudinal vegetation belts modelled for the period 1981-2010 (other sample plots; Zischg et al. 2021). n/a: located above the forest boundary modelled by Zischg et al. and sometimes in the area of lakes, which were relatively roughly cut out by Zischg et al.

stump: conifers or broadleaves

(9)

Species group (conifers or broadleaves) of stumps ≥7 cm in diameter. Reference: Field Survey (MID 970: Stocktotholz - Baumart)

stump: mechanical strength of wood

(9)

Stage of wood decomposition of stumps ≥7 cm in diameter – in five classes. Reference: Field Survey (MID 971: Stocktotholz - Festigkeit)

region

economic region

(9)

Division of Switzerland into 14 regions (2 in the Jura, 3 on the Plateau, 3 in the Pre-Alps, 5 in the Alps and 1 in the Southern Alps). The economic regions are a subdivision of the production regions according to economic-geographical criteria.

production region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland into five regions (Jura, Plateau, Pre-Alps, Alps and Southern Alps) with relatively uniform growth and timber production conditions. The production regions were established by the Federal Office of Forestry long before the first National Forest Inventory (NFI1, 1983-1985). With a small exception along Lake Geneva, the boundaries of the production regions still follow the municipal boundaries of the time. Unlike the NFI, the Forestry Statistics of the Federal Statistical Office don't use the production regions as demarcation but rather the forestry zones, whose boundaries are somewhat different.

protective forest region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland used in NFI for protective forest analyses. The six protective forest regions were derived from the economic regions by combining individual regions according to natural and statistical criteria.

canton

(9)

Regional demarcation with the cantons as a unit, with the two half-cantons, Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, combined into one canton for statistical reasons.

biogeographical region

(9)

Demarcation of Switzerland into six regions with similar flora and fauna. The six regions correspond to the basic categories in the publication «The Biogeographical Regions of Switzerland», which was published by FOEN in 2022.

forest district (2023)

(9)

Regional demarcation with the forest districts as a unit. This variable is based on a survey of the cantonal forest services in winter 2022/2023.

evaluation area

accessible forest without shrub forest

(3)

Forest of which less than two-thirds is covered with shrubs that can be accessed on foot.

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5

(3)

Forest that was less than two-thirds covered with shrubs in the five inventories NFI1 (1983-1985), NFI2 (1993-1995), NFI3 (2004-2006), NFI4 (2009-2017) and NFI5 (2018-2026) and was accessible on foot.

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

(3)

Forest that was less than two-thirds covered with shrubs in both NFI4 (2009-2017) and NFI5 (2018-2026) and is accessible on foot.

grid

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

(9)

Sub-grids 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the field surveys on the sampling grid with a mesh size of 1.4 km (base grid).

search result: 9 entries on 1 page

LFI5 2018/26

economic region

biomass of stumps

ownership (2 categories)

accessible forest without shrub forest

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

column total, %

1000 kg/ha

Mio kg

LFI5 2018/26

economic region

biomass of stumps

ownership (2 categories)

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI1-NFI5

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

column total, %

1000 kg/ha

Mio kg

LFI5 2018/26

economic region

biomass of stumps

ownership (2 categories)

accessible forest without shrub forest NFI4/NFI5

1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5

column total, %

1000 kg/ha

Mio kg

search result: 9 entries on 1 page

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