Selection from the list of topics

Estimates and standard error of the estimates

The results published in the NFI tables are estimates for variables in the Swiss forest (population parameters) whose true values are not known and must therefore be extrapolated (estimated) from the NFI sample data.

The extrapolations carry uncertainties. However, the accuracy of the extrapolations can be reliably estimated from the NFI sample, which is designed to be a random sample. To this end, all NFI tables include a second figure in addition to the estimate itself, namely the standard error of the estimate.

In most tables the percent standard error is reported (±%), but the absolute standard error (±) is also reported occasionally, especially for estimated percentages. The relationship between absolute and percent standard error is as follows:

percent standard error = absolute standard error / estimate × 100

absolute standard error = percent standard error × estimate / 100

Information on the forest road network is based on a full survey of all forest roads. In this case, there is no need to specify a standard error because there is no uncertainty caused by sampling.

Confidence interval of the estimate

With the estimate and the standard error of the estimate, the limits of the so-called confidence interval of the estimate can be calculated as:

lower limit = estimate – tQ × absolute standard error

upper limit = estimate + tQ × absolute standard error

If the simple standard error is used for the calculation (tQ = 1), then the 68% confidence interval is formed. In this case, the true value of the population parameter has a 68% probability of lying within this confidence interval of the estimate. If the double standard error is used (tQ = 2), then there is a 95% probability that the true value lies within this 95% confidence interval.

Significance of the estimate

The confidence interval can be used to statistically test whether the estimated population parameter is larger or smaller than a specific reference or target value, or whether two estimated population parameters truly differ (in the real population). For practical applications, proceed as follows: if a reference value lies outside the confidence interval, the estimated population value can be interpreted as being significantly different from it; if it lies within the confidence interval, the difference between the estimated population parameter and the reference value can be interpreted as random or not significant. When two population parameters are compared, they can be interpreted as differing significantly if their confidence intervals do not overlap.

Dealing with missing values

When calculating a results table, data are not always available for all combinations of characteristics^* of the classification variables and regional demarcation applied. In most cases, this indicates that the attribute estimated with the respective target variable does not occur or occurs only very rarely. Usually, the value 0 is used (imputed). However, as this value is not based on direct measurements, the associated standard error is represented with a full stop [.]. If the imputed value of 0 is referred to in the calculation, e.g. in the case of percentages or certain change estimates, no value can be entered. In this case, the estimated value and standard error are both represented with a full stop [.].

For example, no Arolla pines have been found and measured in the Swiss Plateau to date (growing stock of Arolla pines by production region). The values can be assumed to be missing because Arolla pine does not occur in the Swiss Plateau and therefore the growing stock there must be 0.

^* e.g. ‘Arolla pine’ characteristic of the classification variable ‘tree species’ and ‘Swiss plateau’ characteristic of the ‘regional demarcation’

Changes

There are two types of changes in the NFI:

The first type involves specific target variables relating to components of change, such as increment, fellings, mortality and losses. These target variables are only available for two consecutive inventory cycles, e.g. NFI3–NFI4. In the evaluation of components of change, the classification variable characteristic of the second inventory cycle is assigned to the first inventory cycle. These evaluations therefore do not take into account potential changes in a classification variable characteristic from the earlier to the later inventory (e.g. from private to public ownership).

With the second type of change, the difference in target variables, such as number of stems, growing stock or forest area, is used to assess the change between two inventory cycles. Target variables are generally used to represent states, such as that in NFI4, but can also indicate the net change between any two inventory cycles, e.g. NFI1–NFI4. In evaluations of change using these target variables, the change in a classification variable characteristic is considered in the analysis. Consequently, one can detect, for example, that the forest area without shrub forest increased between the two inventory cycles. This only has an effect on classification variables whose characteristic (class) can actually change, e.g. the affiliation with a forest area or the tree condition.

NFI5
total number of stems
diameter at breast height (10 classes) · main tree species
regional demarcation: economic region
unit: 1000 n
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4 km grid, subgrids 1-5
state 2018/26
		economic region
		Western Jura		Eastern Jura		Western Plateau		Central Plateau		Eastern Plateau		Western Pre-Alps		Central Pre-Alps		Eastern Pre-Alps		Northwestern Alps		Central Alps		Northeastern Alps		Southwestern Alps		Southeastern Alps		Southern Alps		Switzerland
diameter at breast height (10 classes)	main tree species	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%	1000 n	±%
n/a	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
12-20 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	5780	12	1375	31	1458	33	4929	17	4281	15	4484	17	9028	13	4608	16	6229	13	2684	19	2410	21	10011	11	16817	8	5787	15	79881	4
	fir	7132	10	366	32	735	28	3004	17	1176	21	1203	22	4545	15	1516	21	696	26	1118	25	282	33	629	27	191	37	698	27	23291	6
	pine	203	35	74	62	39	100	123	60	93	68	0	.	383	57	0	.	200	64	226	79	65	100	2652	26	3330	24	181	60	7569	15
	larch	0	.	74	80	469	85	33	100	288	52	175	73	67	81	98	100	290	45	0	.	182	54	4057	15	2238	18	3522	16	11495	9
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	795	29	1745	27	49	74	2588	20
	other conifers	387	45	103	62	0	.	141	39	431	50	0	.	50	58	134	47	305	61	179	75	67	60	173	56	927	36	20	100	2917	18
	beech	7378	10	3192	16	1980	28	3068	15	4181	14	905	32	3829	13	2360	19	1549	24	650	26	1667	27	1469	27	641	25	6630	13	39500	5
	maple	2971	16	1056	25	738	43	841	25	1706	15	453	32	1277	27	1083	25	1729	20	403	30	504	40	1561	26	373	35	1371	28	16065	7
	ash	1162	22	821	29	550	34	499	30	1215	23	402	39	747	25	505	30	620	30	534	41	320	55	1008	29	467	35	1660	22	10509	8
	oak	1128	43	193	45	516	42	129	43	201	42	39	71	15	100	0	.	123	87	18	100	35	100	805	35	15	100	1184	37	4403	17
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	131	77	18	100	7956	15	8105	15
	other broadleaves	2775	14	837	23	1236	22	1797	23	2599	17	1525	25	1891	20	1357	25	2525	23	1276	39	1050	30	4752	14	4069	20	12649	11	40339	5
	indeterminable	141	44	0	.	0	.	17	100	33	70	54	58	68	50	86	45	73	50	0	.	18	100	90	45	250	39	110	41	940	16
	total	29055	5	8092	13	7722	15	14581	10	16204	8	9240	12	21900	8	11748	11	14338	10	7088	16	6600	15	28134	7	31083	7	41817	6	247602	2
21-30 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	3125	12	589	27	1164	27	2263	18	2914	15	3116	18	5509	12	3669	15	3275	14	1984	18	1513	22	5736	13	10531	8	3623	13	49013	4
	fir	4009	10	380	37	244	39	1646	19	781	23	768	27	2591	13	858	21	502	28	492	27	118	44	341	30	191	40	338	32	13259	6
	pine	408	36	190	41	52	74	151	69	144	44	0	.	278	79	0	.	70	61	164	51	101	74	2241	20	1285	22	52	58	5135	12
	larch	0	.	17	100	140	67	17	100	187	50	0	.	17	100	49	100	121	55	0	.	71	79	2539	15	1806	22	2848	15	7812	9
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	614	26	1284	22	16	100	1914	17
	other conifers	69	61	69	61	20	100	20	100	138	35	0	.	17	100	36	71	87	82	0	.	18	100	17	100	52	58	0	.	542	22
	beech	4742	10	1299	19	981	21	1230	14	2255	13	694	26	2682	15	1650	18	818	25	784	27	682	29	674	36	561	33	4075	16	23126	5
	maple	1572	13	522	24	282	32	260	33	1393	20	571	23	834	22	871	21	702	28	233	40	545	29	478	27	194	45	306	31	8765	7
	ash	514	25	349	31	289	33	208	33	485	23	305	34	496	34	722	26	247	39	187	37	202	43	458	36	278	66	710	31	5449	9
	oak	611	35	139	58	463	33	161	37	88	45	19	100	91	61	74	77	83	51	18	100	0	.	288	38	15	100	872	22	2923	13
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	37	71	15	100	4496	14	4549	14
	other broadleaves	793	24	314	29	330	32	467	30	1093	17	385	35	467	27	806	34	598	23	349	44	336	29	1442	19	1548	24	5178	12	14106	6
	indeterminable	54	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	100	22	100	67	51	0	.	15	100	0	.	0	.	36	71	75	62	18	100	305	26
	total	15897	5	3869	12	3964	13	6424	11	9497	8	5880	13	13050	8	8735	10	6519	10	4210	14	3586	15	14901	8	17834	7	22531	5	136898	2
31-40 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	2830	11	285	40	553	24	1023	18	1734	15	2107	16	3484	12	3028	12	2801	13	1139	20	926	22	3722	11	6059	8	2284	14	31976	3
	fir	1974	12	207	37	219	38	936	18	426	26	663	26	1355	15	663	22	300	27	320	35	153	40	312	35	144	31	283	31	7956	6
	pine	611	27	207	32	89	57	107	57	133	30	0	.	195	55	6	100	75	72	176	54	53	100	832	20	697	23	147	51	3329	11
	larch	0	.	14	71	52	64	0	.	45	60	9	100	0	.	0	.	119	52	0	.	74	73	1883	18	1271	15	1622	15	5089	9
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	100	0	.	0	.	342	31	656	24	0	.	1007	19
	other conifers	0	.	31	81	7	100	59	51	41	85	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	15	100	17	100	0	.	0	.	177	33
	beech	3563	10	1060	17	619	20	1124	15	1237	14	474	32	1367	14	1503	15	549	23	472	30	340	28	291	32	324	27	1780	15	14703	4
	maple	779	18	173	33	60	42	262	26	473	19	147	45	511	21	548	23	314	32	142	55	258	31	64	48	118	42	204	40	4055	8
	ash	383	32	150	38	390	35	233	25	512	21	182	51	287	54	319	27	203	42	110	66	122	44	190	38	124	46	169	32	3372	10
	oak	262	30	128	37	143	41	92	63	146	33	29	77	0	.	16	71	38	80	7	100	0	.	114	43	7	100	313	27	1295	13
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	87	62	0	.	1646	18	1733	17
	other broadleaves	289	28	87	44	139	53	208	30	322	24	20	71	69	60	180	35	113	38	51	48	89	49	159	29	163	33	1841	16	3732	10
	indeterminable	34	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	100	6	100	21	58	14	71	58	52	0	.	7	100	7	100	41	61	19	100	224	25
	total	10725	6	2343	13	2273	14	4044	10	5085	8	3636	13	7289	8	6278	9	4586	10	2419	15	2036	15	8021	8	9603	6	10309	6	78647	2
41-50 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	1996	9	249	29	514	23	705	19	1153	12	1534	13	2361	11	1719	12	1928	12	729	23	749	20	2053	11	4019	8	1592	13	21301	3
	fir	1522	10	145	40	159	32	609	16	496	17	265	24	916	12	554	15	198	31	306	30	121	31	181	34	95	33	184	29	5751	5
	pine	251	24	115	33	61	43	68	34	237	23	0	.	127	61	7	100	35	66	37	54	21	100	310	27	401	23	41	52	1713	10
	larch	7	100	14	70	29	61	21	74	47	55	0	.	0	.	7	100	36	68	0	.	35	82	1299	15	989	14	918	14	3402	8
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	160	30	262	22	0	.	422	18
	other conifers	0	.	28	61	21	100	27	50	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	90	35
	beech	2006	9	785	16	492	20	823	14	773	13	136	36	947	17	1070	15	396	24	156	30	308	23	77	55	208	33	703	15	8879	4
	maple	347	16	90	35	23	75	48	43	138	26	63	41	112	29	168	24	106	31	48	42	131	29	56	60	41	55	44	47	1414	8
	ash	243	24	82	36	175	33	164	36	353	18	40	60	90	32	184	30	41	53	45	61	58	43	27	71	7	100	66	44	1574	9
	oak	186	31	119	40	131	32	95	33	155	29	19	100	34	61	7	100	8	100	25	72	0	.	21	75	12	100	173	29	985	12
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	16	71	6	100	721	18	750	18
	other broadleaves	199	39	56	43	56	39	30	60	224	24	6	100	45	41	0	.	87	49	6	100	37	52	67	37	56	57	524	18	1393	11
	indeterminable	8	100	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	41	52	14	100	7	100	7	100	33	52	0	.	117	29
	total	6764	5	1690	12	1661	13	2589	9	3582	7	2065	11	4632	8	3717	9	2882	10	1366	17	1468	14	4274	8	6129	6	4974	6	47791	2
51-60 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	1185	10	146	30	303	28	376	18	570	15	833	15	1276	11	1399	12	1036	14	426	20	404	19	1156	12	2223	9	1033	20	12365	4
	fir	981	11	35	44	159	33	517	18	297	20	298	23	797	14	485	20	175	26	106	36	84	42	167	37	105	32	197	28	4404	6
	pine	105	29	31	50	47	62	67	37	135	29	0	.	49	57	17	100	7	100	22	74	7	100	78	46	220	27	21	74	808	13
	larch	7	100	7	100	8	100	14	71	63	36	0	.	0	.	14	100	35	53	0	.	12	100	850	14	657	16	580	14	2247	8
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	70	47	149	27	0	.	219	23
	other conifers	0	.	42	62	0	.	47	62	28	80	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	124	36
	beech	891	11	440	21	263	25	604	14	700	12	111	35	531	19	364	20	156	30	116	36	170	35	34	63	65	47	324	19	4769	5
	maple	116	26	35	44	18	72	28	50	70	35	45	41	40	45	105	34	31	60	12	70	27	50	0	.	52	41	0	.	578	12
	ash	28	50	45	49	95	36	124	38	237	21	0	.	31	75	52	42	28	50	18	74	44	42	7	100	0	.	40	63	751	12
	oak	63	37	30	60	56	56	108	29	163	24	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	0	.	8	100	27	81	57	41	518	14
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	6	100	337	24	352	23
	other broadleaves	23	75	28	61	75	49	45	54	45	41	0	.	6	100	39	52	65	55	6	100	18	74	23	57	25	71	57	42	456	17
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	13	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	71	0	.	0	.	34	45
	total	3400	6	839	14	1024	14	1930	9	2305	8	1293	13	2744	8	2475	9	1534	11	714	16	768	16	2417	9	3529	7	2654	10	27626	2
61-70 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	573	14	97	28	106	36	222	23	269	19	397	19	588	16	680	16	451	16	264	24	199	28	444	17	813	12	430	16	5535	5
	fir	432	17	49	37	98	35	256	21	189	25	117	41	432	16	197	23	120	34	36	45	14	71	26	60	59	39	37	45	2061	7
	pine	15	71	0	.	14	71	27	50	20	75	0	.	17	72	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	65	37	7	100	179	21
	larch	0	.	0	.	7	100	7	100	20	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	6	100	452	18	357	19	222	21	1078	11
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	71	22	58	0	.	36	45
	other conifers	0	.	14	100	0	.	40	57	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	69	42
	beech	213	21	160	26	109	26	203	21	306	20	14	71	149	35	100	30	28	50	42	57	46	54	20	73	41	41	151	28	1582	8
	maple	15	71	0	.	7	100	0	.	41	47	0	.	6	100	27	76	35	52	8	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	140	27
	ash	39	53	14	70	14	71	36	45	70	34	0	.	7	100	28	61	17	71	0	.	12	100	0	.	0	.	10	100	247	19
	oak	19	73	7	100	30	50	32	51	53	53	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	15	71	170	25
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	71	0	.	98	27	114	25
	other broadleaves	0	.	14	100	27	50	7	100	9	100	0	.	7	100	8	100	31	82	8	100	6	100	7	100	18	72	15	71	158	26
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	7	100
	total	1306	9	355	17	411	16	829	12	985	11	528	17	1214	11	1048	13	689	14	358	21	284	23	993	12	1381	10	994	9	11375	3
71-80 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	190	22	49	47	37	46	98	30	113	30	132	28	262	17	224	24	259	19	127	32	161	29	200	25	323	17	233	24	2407	6
	fir	204	19	7	100	42	49	112	28	131	26	35	52	172	23	120	27	87	35	56	62	13	71	37	60	34	45	30	49	1080	9
	pine	7	100	0	.	0	.	14	71	14	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	71	0	.	48	38
	larch	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	15	71	14	71	0	.	7	100	180	26	117	26	93	27	433	15
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	28	50	21	58	0	.	50	38
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	58	21	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	41	58
	beech	35	53	45	41	20	58	94	34	119	28	22	58	78	35	38	65	18	57	6	100	9	100	6	100	25	79	44	41	560	13
	maple	0	.	16	71	0	.	0	.	7	100	6	100	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	45
	ash	15	71	0	.	0	.	10	100	7	100	8	100	0	.	7	100	0	.	6	100	0	.	0	.	6	100	6	100	65	34
	oak	0	.	18	70	14	71	0	.	37	45	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	76	32
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	104	33	112	31
	other broadleaves	0	.	16	71	21	58	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	56	35
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	458	14	150	25	135	25	348	17	455	15	202	23	512	13	404	17	392	16	195	27	189	28	460	17	548	13	517	14	4965	4
81-90 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	47	47	0	.	17	72	33	44	53	39	32	52	55	39	88	32	43	41	23	58	43	41	43	41	141	26	88	33	707	11
	fir	58	39	0	.	33	53	49	42	50	42	9	100	72	37	39	51	15	71	0	.	12	70	0	.	15	71	7	100	360	16
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	81	37	63	40	101	35	245	22
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	28	71	15	71	0	.	43	52
	other conifers	0	.	7	100	0	.	13	71	14	100	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	41	47
	beech	8	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	20	58	0	.	7	100	8	100	0	.	15	71	0	.	7	100	0	.	37	45	102	27
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100
	ash	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	9	100	0	.	0	.	17	72	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	33	51
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	29	50	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	10	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	47	41
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	53	47	53	47
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	8	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	100
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	113	29	14	70	58	39	95	28	182	22	41	46	142	25	160	24	58	35	48	41	64	33	160	26	233	20	286	20	1654	7
91-100 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	15	71	0	.	0	.	7	100	13	71	27	58	6	100	0	.	38	45	0	.	36	45	22	58	49	43	25	59	238	18
	fir	29	50	0	.	0	.	7	100	7	100	0	.	6	100	6	100	0	.	7	100	14	71	0	.	0	.	25	58	102	27
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	7	100
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	36	45	18	72	7	100	61	36
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	22	58	0	.	0	.	22	58
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	12	100	32	52	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	51	42
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	100
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	100	8	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	17	71
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	14	71
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	45	53	53	48
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	44	41	0	.	7	100	42	46	66	34	27	58	12	71	14	71	38	45	7	100	57	35	87	29	73	35	103	32	577	12
>100 cm	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	14	71	0	.	7	100	7	100	0	.	16	71	14	71	21	58	7	100	0	.	14	71	7	100	30	50	18	72	156	22
	fir	26	59	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	33	51
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	15	71	14	100	29	61
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	7	100	0	.	14	71
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	100
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	50	51	50	51
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	7	100	7	100	13	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	27	61
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	40	46	0	.	14	71	14	71	30	71	16	71	21	57	21	58	7	100	0	.	14	71	14	71	51	38	83	39	327	17
total	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	15754	8	2791	22	4160	20	9662	13	11101	11	12679	13	22583	9	15436	10	16068	10	7376	16	6457	17	23396	9	41004	7	15113	11	203580	3
	fir	16366	7	1190	28	1690	22	7136	12	3553	14	3357	21	10894	10	4439	14	2093	21	2441	22	810	24	1693	24	835	26	1800	23	58298	4
	pine	1601	23	618	26	302	40	557	33	783	21	0	.	1049	52	37	55	386	48	626	43	247	78	6120	19	6018	18	450	46	18794	10
	larch	21	58	127	51	705	64	92	48	650	36	184	73	85	84	184	81	621	33	0	.	388	54	11378	11	7531	11	9928	11	31892	6
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	10	100	0	.	0	.	2079	22	4160	20	65	79	6313	15
	other conifers	455	39	293	49	47	72	367	28	686	37	0	.	75	46	170	40	398	63	179	75	100	56	208	56	979	35	44	70	4002	15
	beech	18836	7	6981	12	4464	17	7158	10	9623	9	2357	24	9590	11	7100	13	3514	19	2242	23	3222	22	2579	27	1863	23	13744	12	93274	3
	maple	5799	12	1892	18	1128	33	1440	19	3829	13	1285	23	2780	19	2803	17	2924	17	846	26	1480	24	2158	24	778	29	1925	25	31067	5
	ash	2385	18	1468	21	1513	24	1283	19	2894	14	936	30	1658	26	1835	20	1155	27	900	32	759	32	1690	26	882	42	2661	22	22019	6
	oak	2268	30	634	29	1354	30	625	22	894	17	106	50	147	46	106	62	251	57	85	57	35	100	1236	31	91	72	2614	24	10446	11
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	100	0	.	0	.	311	67	45	72	15506	12	15870	12
	other broadleaves	4079	14	1352	18	1906	20	2560	19	4312	14	1937	24	2486	17	2391	24	3425	20	1697	37	1536	26	6451	13	5879	20	20271	9	60281	5
	indeterminable	237	33	7	100	0	.	17	100	67	50	88	44	170	30	101	40	188	33	14	100	31	71	162	33	399	28	146	40	1627	12
	total	67801	4	17353	10	17269	11	30897	7	38392	6	22929	11	51517	6	34600	8	31042	8	16406	13	15065	12	59462	6	70464	5	84268	4	557462	1

Table citation

Abegg, M.; Ahles, P.; Allgaier Leuch, B.; Cioldi, F.; Didion, M.; Düggelin, C.; Fischer, C.; Herold, A.; Meile, R.; Rohner, B.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Temperli, C.; Traub, B.,
2023: Swiss national forest inventory - Result table No. 1296801. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL

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