Selection from the list of topics

Estimates and standard error of the estimates

The results published in the NFI tables are estimates for variables in the Swiss forest (population parameters) whose true values are not known and must therefore be extrapolated (estimated) from the NFI sample data.

The extrapolations carry uncertainties. However, the accuracy of the extrapolations can be reliably estimated from the NFI sample, which is designed to be a random sample. To this end, all NFI tables include a second figure in addition to the estimate itself, namely the standard error of the estimate.

In most tables the percent standard error is reported (±%), but the absolute standard error (±) is also reported occasionally, especially for estimated percentages. The relationship between absolute and percent standard error is as follows:

percent standard error = absolute standard error / estimate × 100

absolute standard error = percent standard error × estimate / 100

Information on the forest road network is based on a full survey of all forest roads. In this case, there is no need to specify a standard error because there is no uncertainty caused by sampling.

Confidence interval of the estimate

With the estimate and the standard error of the estimate, the limits of the so-called confidence interval of the estimate can be calculated as:

lower limit = estimate – tQ × absolute standard error

upper limit = estimate + tQ × absolute standard error

If the simple standard error is used for the calculation (tQ = 1), then the 68% confidence interval is formed. In this case, the true value of the population parameter has a 68% probability of lying within this confidence interval of the estimate. If the double standard error is used (tQ = 2), then there is a 95% probability that the true value lies within this 95% confidence interval.

Significance of the estimate

The confidence interval can be used to statistically test whether the estimated population parameter is larger or smaller than a specific reference or target value, or whether two estimated population parameters truly differ (in the real population). For practical applications, proceed as follows: if a reference value lies outside the confidence interval, the estimated population value can be interpreted as being significantly different from it; if it lies within the confidence interval, the difference between the estimated population parameter and the reference value can be interpreted as random or not significant. When two population parameters are compared, they can be interpreted as differing significantly if their confidence intervals do not overlap.

Dealing with missing values

When calculating a results table, data are not always available for all combinations of characteristics^* of the classification variables and regional demarcation applied. In most cases, this indicates that the attribute estimated with the respective target variable does not occur or occurs only very rarely. Usually, the value 0 is used (imputed). However, as this value is not based on direct measurements, the associated standard error is represented with a full stop [.]. If the imputed value of 0 is referred to in the calculation, e.g. in the case of percentages or certain change estimates, no value can be entered. In this case, the estimated value and standard error are both represented with a full stop [.].

For example, no Arolla pines have been found and measured in the Swiss Plateau to date (growing stock of Arolla pines by production region). The values can be assumed to be missing because Arolla pine does not occur in the Swiss Plateau and therefore the growing stock there must be 0.

^* e.g. ‘Arolla pine’ characteristic of the classification variable ‘tree species’ and ‘Swiss plateau’ characteristic of the ‘regional demarcation’

Changes

There are two types of changes in the NFI:

The first type involves specific target variables relating to components of change, such as increment, fellings, mortality and losses. These target variables are only available for two consecutive inventory cycles, e.g. NFI3–NFI4. In the evaluation of components of change, the classification variable characteristic of the second inventory cycle is assigned to the first inventory cycle. These evaluations therefore do not take into account potential changes in a classification variable characteristic from the earlier to the later inventory (e.g. from private to public ownership).

With the second type of change, the difference in target variables, such as number of stems, growing stock or forest area, is used to assess the change between two inventory cycles. Target variables are generally used to represent states, such as that in NFI4, but can also indicate the net change between any two inventory cycles, e.g. NFI1–NFI4. In evaluations of change using these target variables, the change in a classification variable characteristic is considered in the analysis. Consequently, one can detect, for example, that the forest area without shrub forest increased between the two inventory cycles. This only has an effect on classification variables whose characteristic (class) can actually change, e.g. the affiliation with a forest area or the tree condition.

NFI2
total number of stems
degree of damage · main tree species
regional demarcation: canton
unit: n/ha
evaluation area: accessible forest without shrub forest
grid: 1.4-km grid
state 1993/95
		canton
		AG		AI		AR		BE		BL/BS		FR		GE		GL		GR		JU		LU		NE		NW		OW		SG		SH		SO		SZ		TG		TI		UR		VD		VS		ZG		ZH		Switzerland
degree of damage	main tree species	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%	n/ha	±%
n/a	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	fir	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	beech	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	maple	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	ash	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	oak	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	other broadleaves	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
no damage	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	94	15	224	18	230	18	152	5	41	30	210	9	8	70	158	21	166	5	87	17	182	10	101	12	182	29	220	13	146	9	122	21	78	19	169	10	154	16	37	11	166	16	124	7	109	7	156	24	143	11	132	2
	fir	32	17	61	27	63	23	64	6	27	23	45	17	0	.	19	44	5	18	73	12	74	10	95	12	25	32	35	27	42	12	8	41	41	18	47	16	38	24	7	24	48	24	53	10	11	22	71	32	25	15	36	3
	pine	14	24	2	98	0	.	5	21	24	27	6	36	75	81	0	.	26	13	11	35	5	53	5	49	0	.	15	79	6	45	28	42	14	29	5	42	17	27	3	48	20	42	3	34	41	16	0	.	14	16	13	7
	larch	8	40	1	98	0	99	2	35	1	76	4	56	0	.	0	99	31	8	0	70	1	65	0	.	0	.	0	100	6	33	8	52	1	74	1	71	4	53	27	12	0	99	3	29	67	8	1	98	3	30	15	5
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	71	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	11	17	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	2	99	0	.	10	23	0	.	0	.	3	14
	other conifers	3	57	2	98	0	.	2	33	8	72	0	76	0	.	0	.	1	37	0	100	2	61	0	100	5	99	1	100	1	66	2	84	2	100	0	100	4	63	0	100	3	79	4	47	1	85	0	.	3	61	2	16
	beech	113	8	50	29	74	24	78	7	132	11	88	12	0	.	65	29	11	18	87	11	71	13	58	11	110	35	65	26	88	11	195	14	119	9	53	16	63	12	79	10	30	30	68	8	14	24	31	23	72	10	64	3
	maple	22	16	38	51	24	38	14	10	27	18	13	20	6	95	26	35	3	26	22	16	11	21	14	30	23	27	16	30	23	15	12	47	23	18	18	24	26	30	5	27	15	36	25	14	5	21	16	40	24	17	14	4
	ash	21	16	14	56	40	35	8	15	30	32	22	22	22	72	14	57	6	32	29	21	19	29	5	52	30	53	10	46	27	16	14	42	15	31	21	34	29	19	11	18	10	39	19	16	6	21	34	40	24	16	14	5
	oak	18	23	0	.	0	99	4	19	20	44	5	30	486	27	0	.	2	41	5	36	3	46	10	58	2	98	0	99	3	55	21	23	10	39	2	55	14	32	15	21	3	59	25	19	5	24	0	.	5	21	9	8
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	47	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	55	10	0	.	1	73	2	50	0	.	0	.	6	10
	other broadleaves	32	16	12	61	16	50	15	14	25	21	17	23	51	52	21	31	23	14	27	21	13	27	12	29	23	43	15	31	30	19	7	41	22	22	22	29	38	23	82	9	29	36	25	14	27	14	10	43	19	19	28	4
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	358	5	404	13	449	12	343	3	334	8	412	5	648	20	303	14	290	3	342	6	380	5	300	6	398	15	380	9	374	5	418	8	325	6	337	7	387	7	322	4	326	9	350	4	298	4	319	13	332	5	336	1
slight damage	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	6	25	29	31	20	31	20	8	2	40	26	17	0	.	13	29	18	7	13	20	15	16	9	19	23	40	13	20	16	17	3	44	7	26	18	22	11	24	4	18	36	20	12	11	24	9	9	57	10	28	15	3
	fir	1	41	1	98	6	38	4	15	2	49	2	45	0	.	2	63	0	40	5	24	9	18	3	31	2	99	0	100	2	27	1	99	3	36	3	39	2	53	0	55	5	43	1	29	1	38	1	98	1	38	2	7
	pine	0	76	0	.	0	.	0	45	1	80	0	71	0	.	0	.	1	36	1	87	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	65	0	99	1	53	1	76	1	77	0	80	2	60	0	100	3	25	0	.	1	48	1	15
	larch	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	19	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	99	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	28	0	.	0	100	5	20	0	.	0	100	1	13
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	25	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	44	0	.	0	.	0	22
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	71	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	99	1	82	0	.	0	.	1	57	0	35
	beech	4	26	4	71	8	47	6	18	7	35	6	48	0	.	7	35	1	30	7	26	8	26	4	31	2	75	6	33	6	24	9	36	9	20	5	31	2	44	5	20	6	39	5	21	2	39	4	57	4	23	4	7
	maple	1	47	4	59	1	99	1	29	3	41	1	48	5	95	3	44	0	52	0	100	3	35	1	57	2	75	1	71	2	29	0	.	2	41	1	73	2	50	0	52	2	51	1	29	1	41	2	98	1	42	1	10
	ash	0	78	0	.	1	99	1	42	1	82	1	48	0	.	1	99	0	58	1	53	0	100	0	77	2	99	0	.	2	43	0	.	1	49	1	68	2	61	1	31	1	99	1	38	0	52	7	54	1	44	1	13
	oak	1	50	0	.	0	.	0	71	3	66	1	51	2	95	0	.	0	55	1	57	2	74	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	70	1	72	0	.	1	100	0	54	0	.	1	66	0	61	1	98	0	71	0	22
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	49	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	15	0	.	0	.	0	78	0	.	0	.	1	14
	other broadleaves	3	43	0	.	0	.	1	31	3	46	2	42	0	.	1	70	3	22	4	44	4	42	1	62	2	99	2	65	2	36	0	.	1	70	2	60	0	.	6	14	8	51	2	29	5	24	0	.	1	43	3	8
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	16	14	39	24	37	24	33	7	22	20	40	15	8	69	28	18	28	6	32	12	42	12	19	13	32	30	22	15	31	11	15	27	24	12	31	15	21	16	24	7	61	14	23	9	41	7	24	32	19	16	29	2
moderate damage	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	4	24	25	27	25	26	17	9	3	47	13	17	0	.	23	26	14	9	10	24	18	14	12	24	14	30	12	21	14	19	7	44	7	25	17	22	10	27	3	26	22	23	9	14	13	10	24	52	11	16	12	4
	fir	1	35	2	73	6	38	7	12	1	62	3	31	0	.	3	51	0	34	9	21	21	16	7	23	8	52	4	34	4	23	0	99	6	23	3	34	1	61	0	44	8	32	3	21	2	30	12	36	3	29	4	6
	pine	0	100	0	.	1	99	0	39	1	48	0	77	0	.	0	.	2	24	1	51	1	61	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	61	2	53	2	42	1	66	1	77	0	52	2	51	0	100	3	20	0	.	1	36	1	11
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	16	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	77	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	24	0	.	0	100	3	17	0	.	0	.	1	11
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	24	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	29	0	.	0	.	0	19
	other conifers	0	.	2	98	0	.	0	63	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	66	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	1	70	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	70	0	29
	beech	8	25	7	48	5	71	11	10	26	22	9	21	0	.	11	29	1	24	15	18	7	26	8	23	10	45	9	37	12	21	17	26	25	16	10	25	5	32	7	19	8	35	9	18	2	33	8	52	9	19	8	5
	maple	1	38	10	98	1	99	2	22	2	49	3	36	0	.	5	35	0	40	3	34	1	52	2	41	7	52	1	61	4	31	4	81	5	26	4	40	2	49	0	58	2	57	1	31	1	44	6	63	2	34	2	9
	ash	1	54	0	.	2	99	1	26	3	59	1	61	0	.	5	74	0	39	3	39	0	.	0	100	8	58	0	.	2	28	1	99	1	57	0	100	2	56	1	35	2	57	1	47	1	51	1	98	1	50	1	12
	oak	0	65	0	.	0	.	0	56	1	76	0	70	10	55	0	.	0	74	0	100	0	72	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	72	0	99	1	54	0	.	1	64	1	41	1	70	0	49	0	46	0	.	0	70	0	16
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	42	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	7	14	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	1	13
	other broadleaves	2	38	4	68	0	.	2	21	9	32	2	47	5	95	4	67	3	19	3	38	2	59	2	42	2	99	0	.	3	32	1	99	4	37	2	59	4	36	9	12	7	38	1	33	5	18	2	98	2	33	3	7
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	17	13	50	24	41	20	40	5	47	15	31	10	15	54	52	15	27	6	44	9	49	9	33	12	50	23	26	17	40	12	32	21	50	11	36	15	26	13	32	7	54	14	24	9	32	7	52	29	28	10	34	2
severe damage	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	3	25	16	56	14	23	13	8	2	47	21	13	0	.	24	23	14	8	5	24	13	16	12	20	11	43	11	23	13	18	4	35	6	31	16	33	6	26	2	23	20	19	7	12	11	10	9	46	5	17	10	4
	fir	2	27	9	47	5	46	6	11	1	49	5	30	0	.	2	59	1	25	10	18	11	18	7	23	6	56	3	45	3	31	0	.	3	29	2	34	1	52	1	36	5	45	4	20	2	26	3	68	2	29	3	6
	pine	0	100	0	.	0	.	1	34	1	54	0	77	0	.	0	.	2	20	1	65	0	100	2	65	0	.	1	100	1	45	0	99	0	77	2	74	0	70	0	49	3	66	0	100	5	20	0	.	2	38	1	11
	larch	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	63	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	16	0	.	0	70	0	100	0	.	0	.	1	53	1	99	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	22	0	.	0	100	5	15	0	.	0	.	1	10
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	2	26	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	99	0	.	3	25	0	.	0	.	0	18
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	62	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	71	0	.	1	70	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	77	0	29
	beech	7	17	5	62	5	40	6	14	13	19	3	29	0	.	12	36	2	27	13	20	6	31	5	23	5	54	7	39	5	23	4	45	16	18	6	23	3	35	3	19	3	47	6	16	1	36	5	55	3	25	5	5
	maple	1	44	2	68	0	.	1	24	1	99	1	60	0	.	5	44	0	39	1	43	0	77	1	56	6	47	3	84	2	32	0	99	2	42	2	57	1	100	0	75	0	.	1	36	0	52	0	.	2	40	1	11
	ash	1	48	0	.	2	69	0	46	1	75	1	64	0	.	5	49	0	71	3	56	1	61	1	57	2	75	1	85	2	44	0	.	1	57	2	48	1	53	1	40	1	70	1	40	1	43	5	75	1	41	1	12
	oak	1	53	0	.	0	.	0	47	0	99	1	54	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	49	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	75	0	71	0	.	2	54	1	32	0	99	1	35	1	55	0	.	0	57	0	16
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	44	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	18	14	0	.	0	77	0	71	0	.	0	.	2	13
	other broadleaves	1	50	2	99	0	.	2	22	4	60	2	48	5	95	3	60	3	22	3	30	1	68	1	62	1	99	4	62	1	47	0	.	4	37	4	31	3	65	7	16	3	59	2	32	3	28	0	.	1	40	3	8
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	15	12	33	30	27	16	29	6	24	16	34	11	5	95	51	16	27	6	37	11	34	11	30	11	30	26	30	17	29	11	10	27	32	11	34	17	18	20	36	8	37	13	22	8	31	7	22	29	18	11	29	2
very severe damage	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	0	44	4	58	0	99	3	17	0	.	6	25	0	.	7	29	4	14	3	34	2	30	1	44	4	49	3	61	2	30	2	63	1	43	3	31	1	51	1	29	6	31	2	21	4	16	4	50	1	39	3	6
	fir	0	44	4	68	0	99	1	24	0	.	1	41	0	.	2	71	0	50	2	33	3	30	3	33	3	57	0	.	1	48	0	.	1	45	2	67	1	57	0	47	1	99	1	37	0	40	0	.	1	54	1	10
	pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	52	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	31	1	64	1	100	0	100	0	.	1	100	0	100	0	.	0	57	0	100	0	.	0	100	0	99	0	.	2	32	0	.	0	58	0	18
	larch	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	1	23	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	50	0	.	0	.	2	23	0	.	0	.	0	16
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	35	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	36	0	.	0	.	0	25
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	99	1	59	0	.	0	77	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	71	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	70	0	.	1	71	0	.	0	100	0	37
	beech	1	40	1	99	2	75	1	21	2	48	1	41	0	.	8	37	1	37	4	32	2	38	2	44	5	49	3	43	3	27	1	75	5	35	2	37	3	57	2	26	0	.	2	28	0	100	2	98	1	35	2	8
	maple	0	70	0	.	1	99	0	41	0	99	0	78	0	.	2	39	0	54	1	57	0	100	0	.	2	99	1	100	1	48	0	.	1	70	1	76	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	51	0	100	0	.	0	71	0	16
	ash	0	100	0	.	1	99	0	55	0	.	0	.	0	.	3	50	0	55	1	62	1	60	0	.	2	75	0	.	0	63	0	.	0	100	0	70	1	77	0	71	0	.	1	41	0	77	0	.	0	100	0	17
	oak	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	1	99	0	100	0	.	1	75	1	47	0	.	0	79	0	74	0	.	0	70	0	27
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	73	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	8	16	0	.	0	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	1	16
	other broadleaves	0	70	0	.	1	99	0	36	3	52	1	46	0	.	3	42	2	30	1	52	2	62	0	100	0	.	1	72	2	41	1	99	1	65	1	52	2	79	4	23	2	57	1	57	2	27	0	.	0	100	2	11
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	3	25	9	38	7	37	7	10	6	47	10	17	0	.	25	20	11	11	11	17	10	18	6	22	16	25	8	32	10	16	4	38	11	22	11	22	9	39	17	10	10	28	7	15	12	11	6	51	4	20	10	4
dead	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	3	34	27	50	18	32	11	13	2	57	8	35	0	.	32	25	16	11	5	29	9	25	2	41	22	32	21	22	19	24	4	48	3	35	19	27	2	49	3	22	22	23	9	17	20	13	8	58	4	24	11	5
	fir	3	35	6	68	3	52	4	16	6	34	3	37	0	.	4	66	1	35	12	28	2	41	3	43	10	50	4	47	3	27	0	.	7	34	4	30	0	.	1	37	6	38	4	22	2	33	0	.	2	44	3	8
	pine	2	52	0	.	0	.	1	56	1	75	0	100	0	.	0	.	5	23	2	52	0	.	1	100	0	.	2	77	0	100	0	99	2	47	3	64	0	.	1	62	1	70	0	50	9	19	0	.	1	54	2	12
	larch	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	4	17	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	79	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	4	22	0	.	0	61	9	19	0	.	0	100	2	11
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	34	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	41	0	.	0	.	0	26
	other conifers	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	63	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	52
	beech	2	36	5	55	2	99	2	23	6	34	3	43	0	.	6	35	1	40	4	31	1	61	0	.	2	73	2	58	4	29	4	48	5	36	3	60	1	76	3	28	1	70	1	35	1	62	3	68	2	43	2	9
	maple	0	61	0	.	0	.	0	51	1	100	0	.	0	.	3	65	0	.	1	52	0	.	0	.	1	99	0	.	1	59	0	.	1	52	1	72	0	100	0	100	0	.	1	36	0	58	0	.	0	61	0	17
	ash	0	100	0	.	5	59	0	61	0	.	1	45	0	.	4	70	0	100	1	44	1	72	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	57	0	.	1	74	0	100	0	.	1	56	0	.	1	35	0	100	3	98	1	71	1	16
	oak	1	50	0	.	0	.	0	58	2	73	0	100	33	52	0	.	0	61	1	75	0	.	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	73	2	70	2	73	0	.	0	100	2	45	0	.	2	33	0	71	0	.	1	57	1	17
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	1	51	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	15	0	.	0	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	2	15
	other broadleaves	2	45	8	56	0	.	3	24	3	44	4	34	5	95	2	73	4	20	4	36	5	32	1	100	0	.	7	50	2	35	0	.	2	34	3	64	4	58	10	15	2	57	5	26	5	25	0	.	5	48	4	8
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	14	17	47	32	29	24	22	9	19	18	20	20	39	44	51	19	34	7	31	14	17	17	7	26	35	25	35	17	32	16	9	27	25	17	33	21	8	35	40	8	33	18	24	11	48	9	14	39	15	21	28	3
total	n/a	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	spruce	110	13	325	18	308	15	216	5	50	27	284	8	8	70	259	18	233	4	124	15	239	9	138	11	257	24	280	11	211	8	141	20	101	17	242	10	184	16	51	11	271	13	163	6	182	6	211	24	173	10	184	2
	fir	40	16	84	26	84	22	85	6	37	21	60	15	0	.	32	34	8	16	110	11	119	9	119	11	53	27	45	24	55	11	9	40	61	15	61	15	44	23	11	22	73	22	66	9	18	20	87	28	33	14	50	3
	pine	16	23	2	98	1	99	8	20	29	25	7	35	75	81	0	.	37	13	15	33	7	50	8	45	0	.	18	70	8	41	31	39	19	26	11	44	19	27	4	44	29	40	3	33	62	13	0	.	19	15	19	6
	larch	8	39	1	98	3	99	2	36	1	76	4	58	0	.	0	99	43	8	0	70	1	63	0	100	0	.	0	100	8	33	10	45	1	74	1	71	5	50	37	11	0	99	3	27	91	8	1	98	3	29	20	5
	Arolla pine	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	58	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	16	16	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	5	100	0	100	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	100	3	99	0	.	17	18	0	.	0	.	4	12
	other conifers	3	57	4	98	1	99	2	38	9	70	1	72	0	.	1	99	4	35	0	100	3	50	0	100	5	99	1	100	2	46	2	84	4	47	0	100	4	63	0	100	7	51	5	43	2	82	0	.	5	45	3	15
	beech	135	8	73	29	97	23	104	6	187	11	112	12	0	.	109	23	16	16	131	10	95	12	76	11	134	30	92	23	118	10	230	13	179	8	79	15	77	12	98	10	50	28	91	7	19	22	53	27	91	9	85	2
	maple	26	15	54	56	27	35	19	10	33	17	18	18	11	63	45	25	4	22	29	15	16	19	19	25	41	22	21	35	33	14	17	44	33	15	27	22	31	32	6	25	19	33	29	13	7	21	24	41	29	16	19	4
	ash	23	16	14	56	51	33	11	14	35	31	26	21	22	72	32	50	7	29	38	19	21	27	7	50	43	48	11	41	34	15	15	44	19	27	26	34	34	18	15	17	14	42	23	15	8	21	49	37	28	15	18	5
	oak	21	21	0	.	0	99	4	19	25	46	7	30	531	27	0	.	3	44	8	31	6	40	11	58	2	98	0	99	5	54	26	24	14	37	2	55	19	25	20	19	3	55	29	18	7	23	1	98	7	21	11	8
	sweet chestnut	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	6	40	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	111	10	0	.	1	72	2	50	0	.	0	.	12	9
	other broadleaves	40	16	26	46	18	48	23	12	47	20	28	19	67	46	34	30	39	13	40	18	27	25	18	26	26	41	29	32	40	17	9	37	34	19	33	29	51	22	119	8	52	33	37	12	47	12	11	48	29	17	43	4
	indeterminable	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.	0	.
	total	423	4	582	11	590	10	475	2	452	7	547	5	715	18	510	11	416	3	496	5	533	4	396	5	560	11	502	8	515	4	489	7	466	5	482	6	468	6	472	3	521	7	450	3	462	3	437	12	416	4	466	1

Table citation

Abegg, M.; Ahles, P.; Allgaier Leuch, B.; Cioldi, F.; Didion, M.; Düggelin, C.; Fischer, C.; Herold, A.; Meile, R.; Rohner, B.; Rösler, E.; Speich, S.; Temperli, C.; Traub, B.,
2023: Swiss national forest inventory - Result table No. 1259365. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL

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